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摘要:
针对电阻/超声双模态层析成像传感器配置优化问题，提出管道同一截面内配置电极与超声探头，实现对管道内同一被测对象同一时间的检测。采用数值仿真方法，考察电学敏感场与超声敏感场在管道内分布情况，优化双敏感场的互补信息获取范围，获得被测场域内同一被测对象的多敏感信息。为降低被测截面内电极对超声敏感场的影响，定义双敏感场的最优灵敏度与均匀度，利用数值仿真方法对电极与超声探头的安装结构与尺寸进行优化，最终获得16电极与16超声探头间隔放置的最优空间结构与相对尺寸。
Abstract:For the installing structure and optimization of electrodes and ultrasonic transducers in the dual-modality electrical resistance tomography (ERT) and ultrasound transmission tomography (UTT), sensors on the same section of pipeline are proposed to measure the same object at the same time. With numerical simulation, sensitive field distributions of ERT and UTT inside the pipeline were studied to optimize the range of complementary information of electrical and ultrasonic field and to get the complementary multi-sensitive information of the same object in the sensitive field. To reduce the influence of electrodes on ultrasonic field, the sensitivity and uniformity of ERT and UTT sensitive field were defined. The installing structure and sizes of electrodes and ultrasonic transducers were optimized by simulations. The installing structure of 16 electrodes and 16 transducers in dual-modality ERT/UTT, and the optimized sizes of the relative electrode width and the relative ultrasonic transducer diameter were obtained.
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图 1 超声探头安装位置与声压强度检测位置
Figure 1. Ultrasonic sensor installation position and sound pressure intensity detection position
图 6 16电极、16超声探头结构
Figure 6. Configuration of 16 electrodes and 16 ultrasonic transducers
图 7 780个正方形区域、激励电极和接地电极位置
Figure 7. Position of 780 square mesh, exciting electrodes and grounding electrodes
图 10 电极相对宽度对超声场平均灵敏度与标准差的影响
Figure 10. Influence of relative electrode width on average sensitivity and standard deviation of ultrasonic field
图 11 超声探头相对直径对超声敏感场平均灵敏度的影响
Figure 11. Influence of ultrasonic sensor relative diameter on average sensitivity of ultrasonic field
图 12 超声探头相对直径与电极相对宽度对超声敏感场M/d的影响
Figure 12. Influence of ultrasonic sensor relative diameter and relative electrode width on M/d of ultrasonic field
表 1 不同电极数量时接收到的声压
Table 1. Received sound pressure with different electrode quantities
电极个数 接收到的声压值/Pa 0 3 180 16 2 130 30 79 
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表 2 不同网格尺寸时接收到的声压
Table 2. Received sound pressure with different mesh sizes
网格尺寸/mm 声压/Pa λ/3 10 561.062 93 λ/4 10 557.267 59 λ/5 10 555.664 34 λ/6 10 554.588 87 λ/10 10 554.581 65 λ/15 10 554.690 08
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表 3 不同网格尺寸时边界电压
Table 3. Boundary voltage with different mesh sizes
编号 边界电压/V 粗化 标准 细化 1 1.004 99 1.004 99 1.004 99 2 0.509 37 0.509 37 0.509 37 3 0.323 59 0.323 59 0.323 59 4 0.237 78 0.237 78 0.237 78 5 0.194 76 0.194 76 0.194 76 6 0.174 63 0.174 63 0.174 63 7 0.169 52 0.169 52 0.169 52 8 0.177 88 0.177 88 0.177 88 9 0.202 52 0.202 52 0.202 52 10 0.253 13 0.253 13 0.253 13 11 0.354 68 0.354 68 0.354 68 12 0.580 70 0.580 70 0.580 70 13 1.214 00 1.214 00 1.214 00
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