| Citation: | MA Mingsheng, TANG Jing, LI Bin, et al. Effects of NFFD control points distribution on aerodynamic shape optimization[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2017, 43(4): 676-684. doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2016.0277(in Chinese)
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The NURBS based free-form deformation (NFFD), which is universal for representation of object geometry, and whose control point influence zone is local for geometry deformation, is used widely for aerodynamic shape optimization. By extending the control volume and locating the outer control points appropriately, NFFD is used to parameterize the surface, deform the surface grid and volume grid in one single process. The grid cells both inside and outside control volume are preserved consistent theoretically after shape deformation. With the gradient of object function calculated by discrete adjoint method, both the quasi-Newton (QN) and sequential quadratic programming (SQP) optimization techniques are applied to inverse airfoil design from the initial airfoil, NACA0012, to the standard flying-wing airfoil, EH1590. The effects of the number and distribution of control points on optimization result are discussed. In the case of the lift-to-drag ratio optimization for a whole aircraft with flying-wing in a single design state, the convergence speed is improved obviously and higher lift-to-drag ratio is obtained by improving the distribution of control points.
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