| Citation: | ZHANG Shuoyan, LU Yang. Helicopter forward looking alert method for low-altitude flight based on terrain matching[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2019, 45(2): 340-346. doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2018.0224(in Chinese)
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In order to solve the problem of terrain awareness when helicopters fly at low altitudes, a forward looking terrain avoidance method is presented using terrain matching, which can correct the relative position error between helicopter and terrain. First, the recovery trajectory of a helicopter is predicted by the helicopter flight dynamics model, based on which the alert envelope is generated. The elevation data of terrain database and radar detection are transformed from airspace to frequency domain. Then, by using the terrain matching method, which is based on cross power spectrum algorithm, the relative position error between the helicopter and the terrain is calculated to obtain the accurate relative position. As the effect of terrain matching can be influenced by topographic relief amplitude, the terrain entropy selection method is adopted to remove the matching area with less topographic relief before terrain matching. Then the matching accuracy is improved. Finally, based on the flight dynamics model of the UH-60 helicopter, 1 000 sets of control case simulation are conducted to verify the alert method. According to the results, the proposed alarm method can significantly reduce the nuisance alert rate by about 16% and increase the successful alert rate greatly by nearly 30%, compared with conventional alert methods. It is shown that the forward looking alert method proposed in this paper can effectively achieve the helicopter collision avoidance alert at low altitude.
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