Damping anti-vibration design and optimization method of composite skin with hard coating
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摘要:
针对民用飞机复材蒙皮的局部振动问题,提出复材蒙皮的硬涂层阻尼减振设计方法,并综合考虑涂覆硬涂层对蒙皮结构的附加质量和固有特性影响,对硬涂层减振性能进行多参数优化。基于有限元法和经典层合板理论,建立复材蒙皮-硬涂层复合结构动力学方程,并以共振峰值降低量最高为目标、给定质量增加和固有频率变化范围为约束条件,采用可行方向法求解获得硬涂层材料性能参数和涂层厚度参数的最佳组合结果。优化算例表明,通过合理设计硬涂层的材料弹性模量和损耗因子参数组合,可涂覆更薄的涂层获得更高的共振峰值衰减,并将涂覆硬涂层带来的蒙皮结构质量增加与固有频率变化控制在设计范围内,获得最优的减振性能。
Abstract:To solve the local vibration problem of thin composite skin in civil aircraft, damping anti-vibration design method with hard coating is proposed, and multi-parameter optimization method was carried out in consideration of the effects of structural parameters of coating on the mass and natural characteristics. Based on the finite element method and classical laminated plate theory, dynamic equation of compound structure of composite skin with hard coating was established. Feasible direction method was put forward to obtain the optimal combination of hard coating material performance parameters and thickness parameters to achieve the maximum reduction of resonance peak value, with constraint conditions of given mass increase and natural frequency change range. The optimization example shows that by reasonably designing the parameter combination of elastic modulus and loss factor of hard coating, a higher resonance peak value attenuation can be obtained with a thinner coating, and the optimal anti-vibration performance can be obtained when mass increase and natural frequency change of skin caused by hard coating are controlled in the design range.
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Key words:
- hard coating /
- composite skin /
- damping anti-vibration /
- dynamic modeling /
- feasible direction method
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表 1 复材蒙皮材料(T700)参数
Table 1. Parameters of compositeskin material(T700)
参数 数值 密度/(kg·m-3) 1800 弹性模量(平行纤维方向)/GPa 115 弹性模量(垂直纤维方向)/GPa 6.43 泊松比(平行纤维方向) 0.28 泊松比(垂直纤维方向) 0.34 材料损耗因子 0.003 表 2 优化设计控制参数
Table 2. Control parameters for optimization design
参数 数值 结构质量相对变化限制值A 0.05 固有频率相对变化限制值B 0.05 硬涂层弹性模量上下限([Ec]min, [Ec]max)/GPa [1, 100] 硬涂层损耗因子上下限([ηc]min, [ηc]max) [0.001, 0.1] 涂层厚度上下限([hc]min, [hc]max)/mm [0.01, 1] 增量步长比|dζ|/|ζ0| 0.1 硬涂层材料密度/(kg·m-3) 5600 硬涂层材料泊松比 0.3 表 3 无涂层和涂层优化前后模型的固有频率与振动响应结果对比
Table 3. Comparison of natural frequency and vibration response results among uncoated model, unoptimized coated model and optimized coated model
方案 硬涂层材料
弹性模量/GPa硬涂层材料
损耗因子涂层厚
度/mm结构
质量/kg第1阶固有
频率/Hz第2阶固有
频率/Hz第3阶固有
频率/Hz蒙皮局部共振
响应峰值/mm共振峰值相对
降低量/%无涂层状态 14.537 3.865 15.202 27.033 43.273 涂层优化前方案 10 0.01 0.5 15.502 4.092 16.225 29.421 28.561 33.998 涂层优化后方案 54.494 0.081 2 0.313 15.141 3.999 15.767 28.383 8.871 79.500 表 4 无涂层和涂层优化前后模型的约束参数相对变化量对比
Table 4. Comparison of relative variation of constraint parameters among uncoated model, unoptimized coated model and optimized coated model
方案 结构质量相对
变化量/%第1阶固有频率
相对变化量/%第2阶固有频率
相对变化量/%第3阶固有频率
相对变化量/%涂层优化前方案 6.639 5.863 6.732 8.834 涂层优化后方案 4.155 3.467 3.717 4.994 -
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