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摘要:
针对目前对多钉铆接连接件进行疲劳寿命分析时的可行性不高、计算量较大等问题，提出一种更加有效可靠的预测多钉铆接连接件的疲劳寿命的方法。对多钉铆接连接件进行疲劳寿命分析时，先对压铆铆接过程进行了显示动力学分析，获得铆接后的钉、孔变形形式和干涉量，并编写了APDL子程序用于各种形式试件的铆接过程分析。用紧固件的载荷-位移曲线进行细节应力分析。基于三维弹塑性有限元法建立铆接连接件的载荷-位移计算方法，并通过与试验结果对比，说明用本文方法获取载荷-位移曲线的可靠性。在ANSYS中建立钉单元，并实现参数化建模进行钉载计算。使用应力严重系数法估算连接件疲劳寿命。开展典型航空铆接连接件疲劳试验，计算结果与试验结果一致性较好，说明计算方法的可行性。
Abstract:In the analysis of fatigue life of multiple riveted joints, the explicit dynamic analysis of the pressing and riveting process was carried out, and the deformation form and interference after riveting process were obtained. An APDL subroutine was developed to analyze the riveting process of various forms of specimens. Detailed stress was analyzed by using load-displacement curves of fastener. The load-displacement calculation method of riveted joint was proposed based on the three-dimensional elastoplastic finite element method, and compared with the experimental results, the reliability of using this method to obtain load-displacement curves was validated. Riveting units were established in ANSYS by using parametric modeling to carry out the calculation of riveting load. The fatigue life of the joint is estimated by the stress severity coefficient method. The fatigue test of typical aviation riveted joint was carried out. The calculation results are in good agreement with the test results, which indicates the feasibility of this method.
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图 4 半圆头铆钉铆接过程应力分布
Figure 4. Stress distribution in riveting process of semicircular head rivet
图 12 P-δ曲线计算结果与试验结果对比
Figure 12. Comparison of P-δ curves between calculated and experimental results
表 1 TB2-1钛合金基本力学性能参数
Table 1. Basic mechanical property parameters of TB2-1 titanium alloy
力学性能参数 数值 弹性模量/MPa 85 000 泊松比 0.33 密度/(kg·m-3) 4.83 屈服强度/MPa 880 
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表 2 疲劳试验结果与计算结果
Table 2. Fatigue test results and computing results
组别 中值疲劳寿命/cycles 计算与试验结果相对误差/% 试验结果 计算结果 1 192 909 169 489 12.14 2 72 598 64 937 10.55 3 41 271 35 886 13.05 4 277 469 312 001 12.45 5 121 505 140 670 15.77 6 52 113 59 389 13.96
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