一种无人机数据链信道选择和功率控制方法

张文秋; 丁文锐; 刘春辉

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2016.0166

一种无人机数据链信道选择和功率控制方法

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2016.0166

张文秋¹,
丁文锐^2, ,,
刘春辉^{2, 3}

1.
北京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院, 北京 100083
2.
北京航空航天大学无人驾驶飞行器设计研究所, 北京 10008
3.
北京航空航天大学计算机学院, 北京 100083

基金项目:

国家“863”计划 2013AA122101

详细信息

作者简介:
张文秋, 女, 硕士研究生。主要研究方向:信号与信息处理

丁文锐, 女, 博士, 研究员, 博士生导师。主要研究方向:图像处理和自适应信号处理

刘春辉, 男, 博士, 工程师。主要研究方向:自适应信号处理

通讯作者:
丁文锐, E-mail:ding@buaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: TN973
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- 文章访问数: 1490
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-03-07
- 录用日期: 2016-06-03
- 网络出版日期: 2017-03-20

A channel selection and power control method of UAV data link

ZHANG Wenqiu¹,
DING Wenrui^{2
, ,},
LIU Chunhui^{2, 3}

1.
School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing 100083, China
2.
Research Institute of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing 10008
3.
School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing 100083, China

Funds:

National High-tech Research and Development Program of China 2013AA122101

More Information

Corresponding author: DING Wenrui, E-mail:ding@buaa.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
无人机（UAV）数据链在复杂电磁和地理自然环境中可靠性受到严重威胁，针对如何通过选择信道和调整信号发送功率保证UAV通信质量的问题，提出了一种结合相关向量回归（RVR）的信道选择和功率控制方法。方法采用RVR建立干扰信息、误码率（BER）与信噪比（SNR）的映射模型，通过该模型可根据实时干扰参数，预测信道满足UAV数据链BER要求的最小化SNR，进而可计算最小化的发送功率，把最小化功率作为标准判断信道质量好坏，选择信道的同时确定发送功率，简化过程，以最小化信道发送功率达到抗干扰的目的。仿真实验证明，该方法能够有效选择可用信道并调整发送功率，抑制干扰，时间和能量开销低，具有较强实用性。
- 无人机 (UAV) 数据链 /
- 信道选择 /
- 功率控制 /
- 信道质量 /
- 相关向量回归 (RVR)
Abstract:
In complex electromagnetic and natural environment, the reliability of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) data link is under serious threat. To solve the problem of channel selection and power control to ensure UAV communication quality, a new channel selection and power control method in combination with relevance vector regression (RVR) is proposed. This method builds mapping model among interference information, bit error rate (BER) and signal noise ratio (SNR) based on RVR. Through the model and real-time interference information, the minimum channel SNR meeting the BER requirements of UAV data link can be predicted, and then minimum transmitted power can be calculated. Channel quality is judged based on the minimum channel transmitted power. The method selects channel while determining transmitted power, and makes the process simpler, using the minimum channel power to realize anti-jamming. Simulation experiment shows that this method can select available channel and adjust power effectively, and restrain interference. The proposed method has low time and energy cost, and is practical.
- unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) data link /
- channel selection /
- power control /
- channel quality /
- relevance vector regression (RVR)

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图 1 随机二元码干扰BER仿真

Figure 1. BER simulation of random binary code interference

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图 2 无人机数据链信道选择与功率控制方法示意图

Figure 2. Schematic of a channel selection and power control method for UAV data link

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图 3 SNR预测模型建立流程图

Figure 3. Flowchart of SNR prediction model establishment

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图 4 各信道预测发送功率最小值p_min

Figure 4. Minimum predicted transmit power p_min for every channel

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图 5 各信道误码率的RPE值

Figure 5. RPE value of BER for every channel

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图 6 仿真实验地理环境

Figure 6. Geographical environment of simulation experiment

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图 7 干扰功率分布

Figure 7. Distribution of interference power

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图 8 各信道预测SNR与飞行距离的关系

Figure 8. Relationship between predicted SNR and flight distance for every channel

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图 9 各信道p_min与飞行距离的关系

Figure 9. Relationship between p_min and flight distance for every channel

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表 1 RVR和SVR训练结果

Table 1. Training results of RVR and SVR

训练结果	RVR			SVR
训练结果	高斯	5阶多项式	Laplace	RBF	多项式
RVs，SVs	71	73	3 564	604	1 404
RMSE	0.023 1	0.020 3	0.062 6	0.074	0.58
RPE/%	0.198	0.180	0.325	0.887	5.17

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表 2 采用PCA降维后RVR训练结果

Table 2. Training results of RVR after dimensionality reduction using PCA

训练结果	RVR (高斯核函数)
训练结果	特征向量为6维	特征向量为5维	特征向量为4维
RMSE	0.301	0.302	6.479
RPE/%	4.30	4.56	24.65

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表 3 不同标准下的信道质量排序

Table 3. Channel quality ranking based on different criteria

INR1/dB	p_min标准	SINR标准	BER标准
-6~-2.5	1-4-3-5-2	1-4-3-5-2	1-4-3-5-2
-2.5~-1.5	1-4-3-5-2	1-4-3-2-5	1-4-3-5-2
-1.5~0	1-4-5-3-2	1-4-3-2-5	1-4-5-3-2
0~0.5	1-4-5-2-3	1-4-3-2-5	1-4-5-2-3
0.5~2	1-4-5-2-3	1-4-2-3-5	1-4-5-2-3
2~3.5	1-4-2-5-3	1-4-2-3-5	1-4-2-5-3
3.5~6	1-4-2-5-3	1-4-2-5-3	1-4-2-5-3

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表 4 信道检测次数对比

Table 4. Comparison of channel detected iterations

检测方法	不考虑信道5		考虑信道5
检测方法	随机检测	相关检测	随机检测	相关检测
检测次数	1.67	1.5	2	1.6

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表 5 信道选择和功率控制方法仿真结果

Table 5. Simulation results of channel selection and power control method

信道	位置1		位置2		位置3		位置4		位置5		位置6
信道	p_min/dBm	BER/dB	p_min/dBm	BER/dB	p_min/dBm	BER/dB	p_min/dBm	BER/dB	p_min/dBm	BER/dB	p_min/dBm	BER/dB
1	18.72	-1.98	15.12	-1.93	11.80	-1.97	13.55	-1.96	17.39	-1.99	20.40	-2.00
2	27.49	-1.94	25.56	-1.99	24.27	-1.98	25.69	-2.01	27.74	-2.00	29.91	-2.00
3	25.77	-2.02	22.74	-1.98	20.23	-2.01	23.09	-2.01	28.74	-2.02	34.08	-1.98
4	23.60	-1.99	20.07	-2.02	16.84	-2.01	18.69	-2.01	23.00	-2.02	26.98	-2.00
5	30.22	-1.99	26.62	-2.00	23.28	-1.99	24.94	-2.00	28.77	-1.98	31.78	-1.98
注：BER取对数，故单位为dB。

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