Turbulence-radiation interaction in turbulent jet flame based on large-eddy simulation
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摘要:
在大涡模拟中，研究了亚格子湍流辐射交互作用(SGS-TRI)对Sandia Flame D和Flame 4D(Scaled Sandia flame D)辐射源项的影响。模拟中，采用概率密度函数输运方程(TPDF)湍流燃烧模型模拟湍流燃烧过程，球谐函数(P1近似)法、灰气体加权和模型(WSGGM)模拟辐射换热。采用湍流涡团光学薄脉动近似(OTFA)处理滤波吸收项，分别采用考虑和忽略SGS-TRI的方法求解滤波发射项。结果显示，SGS-TRI仅在辐射源项本身数值较小的区域对时均辐射源项有相对较大的影响(最大为25%)；考虑和忽略SGS-TRI计算得到的时均温度以及CO2浓度等径向分布基本重合(相对差别小于3%)。因此，亚格子湍流辐射交互作用对无碳烟湍流射流火焰(Flame D和Flame 4D)的影响较小。
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关键词:
- 湍流辐射交互作用 /
- 亚格子 /
- 大涡模拟 /
- 概率密度函数输运方程模型 /
- 辐射传热
Abstract:In large eddy simulation (LES), the influence of subgrid-scale turbulence-radiation interaction (SGS-TRI) on the radiative source term for Sandia Flame D and the scaled Sandia flame D (Flame 4D) was studied. The transport probability density function (TPDF) method was used to simulate the turbulence combustion, and the spherical harmonics (P1 approximation) method and the weighted-sum-of-gray-gases model (WSGGM) were employed to simulate the radiation heat transfer. The optically thin fluctuation approximation (OTFA) of the turbulent vortex group was applied for processing the filtered absorption term, and different methods considering or omitting the SGS-TRI were used for solving the filtered emission term. The results show that the SGS-TRI has a relatively large effect on the time-averaged radiation source term (up to 25%) only in areas where the source term itself is small. The radial distributions of the time-averaged temperature and CO2 concentration calculated by considering and ignoring the SGS-TRI largely overlap (The relative difference is less than 3%). Therefore, the influence of SGS-TRI on the non-sooting turbulent jet flames (Flame D and Flame 4D) is small.
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图 5 非耦合情况下Flame4D平均辐射源项对比
Figure 5. Comparison of average radiation source term of Flame 4D in non-coupled case
图 6 非耦合情况下Flame 4D平均吸收项和发射项对比
Figure 6. Comparison of average absorption and emission terms of Flame 4D in non-coupled case
图 7 非耦合情况下$ R({S_{\rm{r}}}) $分布
Figure 7. $ R({S_{\rm{r}}}) $ distribution in non-coupled case
图 8 耦合情况下Flame 4D时均辐射源项径向分布图与${\mathrm{Diff}}{({S_{\rm{r}}})_{1,3}}$径向分布
Figure 8. Radial distribution of time-averaged radiation source term of Flame 4D and Radial distribution of ${\mathrm{Diff}}{({S_{\rm{r}}})_{1,3}}$for coupled case
图 9 Flame D时均温度对比图与Flame D时均温度相对差值对比
Figure 9. Time-averaged temperature comparison of Flame D and relative difference of time-averaged temperature of Flame D
图 10 Flame 4D时均温度对比图与Flame 4D时均温度相对差值对比
Figure 10. Time-averaged temperature comparison of Flame 4D and relative difference of time-averaged temperature of Flame 4D
图 11 Flame4D时均二氧化碳质量分数对比图与时均二氧化碳质量分数相对误差对比图
Figure 11. Time-averaged CO2 concentration comparison of Flame 4D and relative difference of time-averaged CO2 concentration
表 1 Flame D和Flame 4D边界条件
Table 1. Boundary conditions of Flame D and Flame 4D
边界 Flame D Flame 4D FUEL 温度T=293 K，
速度U=49.6 m/s
体积分数甲烷0.25，
空气0.75温度T=293 K，
速度U=12.4 m/s
体积分数甲烷0.25，
空气0.75PILOT 温度T= 1880 K，
速度U=11.4 m/s
已燃气温度T= 1880 K，
速度U=2.85 m/s
已燃气CO-FLOW 温度T=293 K，
速度U=0.9 m/s
空气温度T=293 K，
速度U=0.225 m/s
空气出口边界 压力出口边界 压力出口边界 其他边界 T=300 K，ε=1.0 T=300 K，ε=1.0 
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表 2 滤波发射项的不同近似方法
Table 2. Different approximation methods used to calculate filtering emission term
参考名称 发射项 method 1 ${\tilde \kappa _j}{\alpha _j}(\tilde T){I_{\mathrm{b}}}(\tilde T)$ method 2 ${\tilde \kappa _j}{\alpha _j}(\tilde T)\widetilde {{I_{\mathrm{b}}}}$ method 3 $\widetilde {{\kappa _j}{\alpha _j}{I_{\mathrm{b}}}}$
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表 3 非耦合情况下辐射计算结果总结
Table 3. Summary of radiation calculation results for non-coupled case
火焰 $ \left\langle{{\tilde{Q}}_{\mathrm{e}\mathrm{m}}}\right\rangle $/kW $ \left\langle{{\tilde{Q}}_{\mathrm{a}\mathrm{b}\mathrm{s}}}\right\rangle $/kW $ \left\langle{{\tilde{Q}}_{\mathrm{n}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{t}}}\right\rangle $/kW $ {f}_{\mathrm{r}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{d}} $/% D(method1) 1.094 1 0.164 8 0.929 4 6.12 D(method2) 1.096 3 0.165 0 0.931 4 6.14 D(method3) 1.116 9 0.165 8 0.951 1 6.23 4D(method1) 39.473 3 12.308 3 27.165 1 58.73 4D(method2) 39.533 6 12.323 7 27.209 9 58.82 4D(method3) 39.891 6 12.388 5 27.503 1 59.46
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表 4 耦合情况下辐射计算结果总结
Table 4. Summary of radiation calculation results for coupled case
火焰 $ \left\langle{{\tilde{Q}}_{\mathrm{e}\mathrm{m}}}\right\rangle $/kW $ \left\langle{{\tilde{Q}}_{\mathrm{a}\mathrm{b}\mathrm{s}}}\right\rangle $/kW $ \left\langle{{\tilde{Q}}_{\mathrm{n}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{t}}}\right\rangle $/kW $ {f}_{\mathrm{r}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{d}} $/% D(method1) 1.1059 0.1691 0.9369 6.01 D(method3) 1.1036 0.1681 0.9355 6.09 4D(method1) 39.1258 14.5712 24.5546 46.40 4D(method3) 39.6041 14.6760 24.9281 46.73
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