Dual-frequency continuous wave pseudo-signal interference effect in swept-frequency radar
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摘要:
为掌握典型雷达双频电磁辐射伪信号干扰的效应规律，揭示双频伪信号干扰效应机理，以某型Ku波段扫频测距雷达为试验对象，开展双频连续波伪信号干扰效应试验，分别揭示了二阶互调射频干扰、二阶互调低频干扰和三阶交互调低频干扰效应机理，并确定了伪信号电平随干扰场强的变化规律，解释明了伪信号的形态特征和产生位置。试验结果表明：当干扰频差为540～660 MHz时，带外双频二阶互调信号会造成脉冲型伪信号干扰，伪信号产生的位置随机；当干扰频差小于5 MHz时，双频二阶互调信号和三阶交互调信号均会造成冲激型伪信号干扰，伪信号产生的位置固定。
Abstract:To fully understand the impact of dual-frequency electromagnetic radiation pseudo-signal interference on radar and uncover the underlying mechanism behind this interference effect. Taking a Ku-band swept-frequency ranging radar as the test object, a dual-frequency continuous wave pseudo-signal interference effect test was carried out, and the effect mechanism of second-order intermodulation RF interference, second-order intermodulation low-frequency interference and third-order intermodulation low-frequency interference was revealed respectively. The variation rule of the pseudo-signal level with the interference field intensity was determined, and the morphological characteristics and generation position of the pseudo-signal were explained. The test results indicate that when the difference in interference frequency is approximately between 540 MHz and 660 MHz, the out-of-band dual-frequency second-order intermodulation signal will generate pseudo-signal interference of the wide-pulse type, with a random location for the pseudo-signal. On the other hand, when the difference in interference frequency is less than 5 MHz, both the dual-frequency second-order intermodulation signal and the third-order intermodulation signal will produce pseudo-signal interference of the impulse type, with a fixed location for the pseudo-signal.
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图 1 单频连续波伪信号干扰试验配置
Figure 1. Configuration of single-frequency continuous wave pseudo-signal interference test
图 2 单频脉冲型伪信号干扰示意图
Figure 2. Schematic diagram of single-frequency pulse pseudo-signal interference
图 3 单频伪信号干扰临界干扰场强变化曲线
Figure 3. Single-frequency pseudo-signal interference critical interference field strength variation curve
图 4 双频连续波伪信号干扰试验配置
Figure 4. Configuration of dual-frequency continuous wave pseudo-signal interference test
图 5 带内双频脉冲型伪信号干扰示意
Figure 5. Schematic diagram of in-band dual-frequency pulse pseudo-signal interference
图 6 带外双频脉冲型伪信号干扰示意
Figure 6. Schematic diagram of out-of-band dual-frequency pulse pseudo-signal interference
图 7 双频冲激型伪信号干扰示意
Figure 7. Schematic diagram of dual-frequency impulse pseudo-signal interference
图 8 双频冲激型伪信号干扰细节放大
Figure 8. Enlarged detail of dual-frequency impulse pseudo-signal interference
图 10 带外双频二阶互调脉冲型伪信号干扰电平随干扰场强的变化
Figure 10. Out-of-band dual-frequency second-order intermodulation pulse pseudo-signal level variation with critical interference field strength
图 11 双频冲激型伪信号干扰电平随干扰场强的变化
Figure 11. Dual-frequency impulse pseudo-signal level variation with critical interference field strength
表 1 双频干扰信号进入扫频雷达各结构后输出分量频率
Table 1. Output component frequencies of dual-frequency interfering signals entering each structure of the swept-frequency radar
结构 带外双频脉冲型 带内双频冲激型 天线接收 $ {F_0} $,$ {f_1} $,$ {f_2} $ $ {F_0} $,$ {f_3} $,$ {f_4} $ 一级放大 $ {F_0} $,$ {f_1} $,$ {f_2} $,$ {F_0} \pm {f_1} $,$ {F_0} \pm {f_2} $,$ {f_2} \pm {f_1} $,$ {F_0} \pm \left( {{f_2} - {f_1}} \right) $ $ {F_0} $,$ {f_3} $,$ {f_4} $,$ {F_0} \pm {f_3} $,$ {F_0} \pm {f_4} $,$ {f_4} \pm {f_3} $,$ {F_0} \pm \left( {{f_4} - {f_3}} \right) $ 一级混频($ {f_{\text{a}}} $) $ {F_0} $,$ {f_1} $,$ {f_2} $,$ {F_0} \pm {f_1} $,$ {F_0} \pm {f_2} $,$ {f_2} \pm {f_1} $,$ {F_0} \pm \left( {{f_2} - {f_1}} \right) $,
$ {F_0} \pm {f_{\text{a}}} $,$ {f_1} \pm {f_{\text{a}}} $,$ {f_2} \pm {f_{\text{a}}} $,$ {F_0} \pm {f_1} \pm {f_{\text{a}}} $,$ {F_0} \pm {f_2} \pm {f_{\text{a}}} $,
$ {f_2} \pm {f_1} \pm {f_{\text{a}}} $,$ {F_0} \pm \left( {{f_2} - {f_1}} \right) \pm {f_{\text{a}}} $$ {F_0} $,$ {f_3} $,$ {f_4} $,$ {F_0} \pm {f_3} $,$ {F_0} \pm {f_4} $,$ {f_4} \pm {f_3} $,$ {F_0} \pm \left( {{f_4} - {f_3}} \right) $,
$ {F_0} \pm {f_{\text{a}}} $,$ {f_3} \pm {f_{\text{a}}} $,$ {f_4} \pm {f_{\text{a}}} $,$ {F_0} \pm {f_3} \pm {f_{\text{a}}} $,$ {F_0} \pm {f_4} \pm {f_{\text{a}}} $,
$ {f_4} \pm {f_3} \pm {f_{\text{a}}} $,$ {F_0} \pm \left( {{f_4} - {f_3}} \right) \pm {f_{\text{a}}} $带通滤波($ {f_{\text{b}}} \pm {f_{\text{H}}} $) $ {F_0} - {f_{\text{a}}} $,$ {f_2} - {f_1} $ $ {F_0} - {f_{\text{a}}} $,$ {f_3} - {f_{\text{a}}} $,$ {f_4} - {f_{\text{a}}} $,$ {F_0} \pm \left( {{f_4} - {f_3}} \right) - {f_{\text{a}}} $ 二级混频 ($ {F_{\text{b}}} $) $ {F_0} - {f_{\text{a}}} $,$ {f_2} - {f_1} $,$ {F_0} - {f_{\text{a}}} \pm {F_{\text{b}}} $,
$ {f_2} - {f_1} \pm {F_{\text{b}}} $,$ {F_0} - {f_{\text{a}}} \pm \left( {{f_2} - {f_1}} \right) $$ {F_0} - {f_{\text{a}}} $,$ {f_3} - {f_{\text{a}}} $,$ {f_4} - {f_{\text{a}}} $,$ {F_0} \pm \left( {{f_4} - {f_3}} \right) - {f_{\text{a}}} $,
$ {F_0} - {f_{\text{a}}} \pm {F_{\text{b}}} $,$ {f_3} - {f_{\text{a}}} \pm {F_{\text{b}}} $,$ {f_4} - {f_{\text{a}}} \pm {F_{\text{b}}} $,
$ {F_0} \pm \left( {{f_4} - {f_3}} \right) - {f_{\text{a}}} \pm {F_{\text{b}}} $,$ {f_4} \pm {f_3} $,$ {F_0} \pm {f_3} $,$ {F_0} \pm {f_4} $
低通（窄带）滤波
$ {F_0} - {f_{\text{a}}} - {F_{\text{b}}} $（真实目标回波信号）
$ {f_2} - {f_1} - {F_{\text{b}}} $（二阶互调脉冲型伪信号）$ {F_0} - {f_{\text{a}}} - {F_{\text{b}}} $（真实目标回波信号）
$ {F_0} \pm \left( {{f_4} - {f_3}} \right) - {f_{\text{a}}} - {F_{\text{b}}} $（三阶交互调冲激型伪信号）
$ {f_4} - {f_3} $（二阶互调冲激型伪信号）
$ {f_3} - {f_{\text{a}}} - {F_{\text{b}}} $（一阶脉冲型伪信号）
$ {f_4} - {f_{\text{a}}} - {F_{\text{b}}} $（一阶脉冲型伪信号）
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表 2 带外双频二阶互调脉冲型伪信号试验结果
Table 2. Test results of out-of-band dual-frequency second-order intermodulation pulse pseudo-signals
发射信号
衰减程度/dB干扰场强1/
(dBV·m−1)干扰场强2/
(dBV·m−1)伪信号
电平/dBmV伪信号中心
距离/m30 −16 −16 3.08 2893 −13 −13 7.66 4011 −10 −10 12.38 329.4 −7 −7 15.66 1892 −4 −4 15.70 2939 −1 −1 15.84 224.5 40 −15 −15 3.91 3741 −12 −12 9.59 3462 −9 −9 13.69 660.4 −6 −6 15.33 1548 −3 −3 15.59 1254 −1 −1 15.73 2143
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表 3 双频二阶互调与三阶交互调冲激型伪信号试验结果
Table 3. Test results of two-frequency second-order intermodulation and third-order intermodulation impulse pseudo-signal
发射信号
衰减程度/dB干扰场强1/
(dBV·m−1)干扰场强2/
(dBV·m−1)二阶互调伪信号
电平/dBmV三阶交互调伪信号
电平/dBmV二阶互调伪信号
距离/m三阶交互调伪信号
距离/m距离差/m 30 −60 −60 2.91 13.27 755.9 764.1 8.3 −55 −55 7.26 19.99 759.7 767.8 8.2 −50 −50 13.23 26.69 758.9 767.1 8.3 −45 −45 17.5 31.24 758.2 766.3 8.2 −40 −40 21.77 33.74 762.7 770.8 8.2 −35 −35 25.92 32.97 762.7 770.8 8.2 −30 −30 28.45 29.99 746.9 755.1 8.3 −25 −25 28.78 27.52 749.2 757.3 8.2 −20 −20 27.43 24.25 746.2 754.4 8.3 −15 −15 27.54 20.98 745.4 753.6 8.3 −10 −10 28.18 17.81 748.4 756.6 8.3 −5 −5 28.22 14.39 752.2 760.3 8.2 40 −60 −60 2.21 4.77 749.5 757.6 8.2 −55 −55 8.53 10.83 746.5 754.7 8.3 −50 −50 13.25 16.52 751 759.1 8.2 −45 −45 16.58 20.3 751 759.1 8.2 −40 −40 21.13 21.92 753.2 761.4 8.3 −35 −35 25.05 19.99 753.2 761.4 8.3 −30 −30 27.51 18.03 748 756.1 8.2 −25 −25 28.74 15.14 748.7 756.9 8.3 −20 −20 27.35 12.67 751.7 759.8 8.3 −15 −15 27.55 10.74 749.5 757.6 8.2 −10 −10 27.32 8.13 750.2 758.4 8.3 −5 −5 28.31 5.91 751 759.1 8.2
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