A method for calculating reachability regions of lift re-entry vehicles with multiple constraints
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摘要:
针对升力式再入飞行器再入过程中的热流率、过载和动压受约束问题，提出一种多约束条件下的再入可达域计算方法。基于虚目标法建立了不考虑状态不等式过程约束的再入可达域最优控制模型；基于无过程约束问题的最优控制设计预测校正方法，将状态不等式约束转换为控制不等式约束；以X-33再入飞行器为对象完成数值仿真验证。数值仿真结果表明：与传统的依赖于平衡滑翔假设的“软约束”方法相比，所提方法可实现“硬约束”，即使飞行器在短时间内进行大幅度机动，各项过程约束仍能严格满足。
Abstract:In view of the heat flow, overload, and dynamic pressure constraint problems during the reentry process of the lift reentry vehicle, a calculation method of the reentry reachability region under multiple constraints is designed. Using the virtual target method, an optimal control model for the reentry reachability region is developed without the state inequality restrictions. A predictive correction method is designed based on the optimal control without process constraints, which converts state inequality constraints into control inequality constraints. The numerical simulation of the X-33 is completed. The results of the numerical simulation demonstrate that, in contrast to the conventional "soft constraint" method, which depends on the quasi-equilibrium glide conditions, the suggested method is capable of achieving “hard constraint,” meaning that all process constraints can still be strictly satisfied even in the event that the aircraft makes large maneuvers quickly.
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Key words:
- reachable region /
- reentry vehicle /
- process constraints /
- balanced glide /
- indirect method
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图 1 利用虚目标法求解可达域示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram for solving reachability domain using virtual target method
图 2 基于预测校正的约束处理算法流程
Figure 2. Algorithm flowchart of constraint processing based on predictive correction
图 3 X-33在施加约束前后的可达域预测结果
Figure 3. Prediction results of reachability regions of X-33 before and after applying constraints
图 5 基于平衡滑翔和泰勒级数约束形式的热流率、过载和动压曲线
Figure 5. Heat flow rate, overload, and dynamic pressure curves based on quasi-equilibrium glide conditions and Taylor series constraint forms
表 1 再入飞行器初始状态
Table 1. Initial state of re-entry vehicle
高度/km 速度/(m·s−1) 经度/(°) 纬度/(°) 速度倾角/(°) 速度方向角/(°) 79.5 6100.0 243.1 −18.3 −1.0 38.3 
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