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摘要:
在航空发动机燃烧室高温高压实验中采集动态压力脉动信号，通过离散小波变换(DWT)和连续小波变换(CWT)分析信号从稳定状态演变为不稳定状态的非平稳特性。结果表明：压力序列存在2种振荡模式的切换，小波分析方法能够有效识别燃烧室压力脉动动态转变过程。在转变时刻后，压力脉动表现为声学模态频率下的极限环热声振荡，在转变时刻前，压力脉动具有频率调制的特性，瞬时振荡频率随时间周期性变化。同时，运用离散小波变换可实现相比傅里叶变换更好的早期预报性能。
Abstract:Dynamic pressure fluctuation signals were acquired in the high-temperature and high-pressure experiments of aero-engine combustors. The non-stationary characteristics of signals transitioning from stable to unstable states are analyzed using the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and continuous wavelet transform (CWT). The results indicate that the pressure fluctuation exhibits a switching between two oscillation modes. The wavelet analysis method effectively identifies the dynamic transition process of combustor pressure fluctuation. After the transition, the pressure fluctuation manifests as limit cycle thermoacoustic oscillations at acoustic modal frequencies, while before the transition, the pressure fluctuation exhibits frequency modulation characteristics, with instantaneous oscillation frequencies varying periodically over time. Additionally, the discrete wavelet transform achieves superior early warning performance compared to the Fourier transform.
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图 7 原始信号和小波分解投影的时间演化规律
Figure 7. Time evolution law of original signal and wavelet decomposition projection
图 8 小波变换和傅里叶变换方法的早期预报性能比较
Figure 8. Comparison of early prediction performance between wavelet transform and Fourier transform methods
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