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摘要:
针对某型航空发动机主燃油控制系统出口压力脉动现象，系统分析了液压系统脉动原因,并列出某型航空发动机主燃油控制系统压力脉动故障树，完成了故障定位。通过流场仿真手段重点研究了故障工况下不规则开口回油活门的稳态液动力及相关参数，指出理论公式对不规则开口活门稳态液动力计算的不适用性及出口射流角的变化；在稳态点采用小偏离线性化建立等压差模块的传递函数和Simulink仿真模型，对其固有频率和主要影响因素进行研究。研究结果表明：燃油压力脉动是由于回油活门在外部激励作用下产生了共振，而影响回油活门固有频率的关键因素为阀芯所受稳态液动力，通过对活门不规则开口形状进行研究，给出了故障改进措施，为系统的优化设计提供了理论支持。
Abstract:Aiming at the phenomenon of pressure pulsation at the outlet of the main fuel control system of an aeroengine, this paper systematically analyzes the reasons for the pulsation of the hydraulic system, lists the fault tree of the pressure pulsation of the main fuel control system of an aeroengine, and completes the fault location. The steady-state hydrodynamic force and associated parameters of the irregular opening fuel return valve under fault conditions are primarily investigated through flow field simulation, and it is noted that the theoretical formula is not applicable to the steady-state hydrodynamic calculation of the irregular opening valve and the change of the outlet jet angle. Then the transfer function and Simulink simulation model of the constant differential pressure module are established by small deviation linearization at the steady point, and its natural frequency and main influencing factors are studied. The findings demonstrate that the fuel pressure pulsation is caused by the return valve’s resonance under external stimulation, and the steady-state hydrodynamic force acting on the valve core is the primary factor influencing the return valve’s natural frequency. Through the study of the irregular opening shape of the valve, the fault improvement measures are given, which provide theoretical support for the optimal design of the system.
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图 8 回油活门内流道网格划分
Figure 8. Grid division of the flow channel inside the oil return valve
图 9 回油活门稳态液动力计算结果
Figure 9. Steady state hydrodynamic calculation results of the return oil valve
图 10 不同稳态点下回油活门流场仿真结果
Figure 10. Simulation results of the flow field of the return oil valve at different steady-state points
图 13 调整孔型前后流量压力脉动对比
Figure 13. Comparison of flow and pressure fluctuations before and after pass adjustment
表 1 各工况下的回油活门仿真数据计算
Table 1. Simulation data calculation of return oil valve under various operating conditions
计量流量/
(kg·h−1)计前压力/
MPa活门开度/
mm射流角/(°) 流量系数 2000 3.315 7.1 61.71 0.758 2500 3.389 7.2 62.276 0.7491 3000 3.495 7 60.53 0.7493 3500 3.596 6.8 59.7 0.7814 4000 3.771 6.65 58.71 0.7822 
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