轰炸机挂飞导弹设计突风载荷谱编制方法

卫昆钰; 李晨迪; 李博文; 袁愿; 贺小帆

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2024.0126

轰炸机挂飞导弹设计突风载荷谱编制方法

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2024.0126

1.
北京航空航天大学航空科学与工程学院，北京 100191
2.
北京航空工程技术研究中心，北京 100084

详细信息

通讯作者:
E-mail：xfhe@buaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: V215.5
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-03-05
- 录用日期: 2024-05-17
- 网络出版日期: 2024-05-27
- 整期出版日期: 2026-05-26

Developing of tornado missile design gust load spectrum for bomber-mounted air-to-ground missiles

1.
School of Aeronautics and Astronautics，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China
2.
Beijing Aeronautical Technology Research Center，Beijing 100084，China

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail：xfhe@buaa.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
突风载荷是轰炸类飞机机腹挂飞导弹疲劳损伤的主要来源，为评定挂飞导弹寿命，需要编制挂飞导弹突风设计载荷谱。对挂飞导弹特点进行阐释，分析挂飞导弹服役突风载荷环境，基于挂飞导弹典型任务剖面对实测突风速度累积超越数曲线进行收集，采用离散突风模型计算突风载荷响应，得到可用于挂飞导弹编谱的突风过载累积超越数曲线族，进行统计分析得到代表平均使用情况的突风过载累积超越数曲线，编制以任务段为基本单位的突风过载5×5谱，由此编制了挂飞导弹飞-续-飞谱作为挂飞导弹突风设计谱，该谱能够反映挂飞导弹的预期使用突风环境，解决了设计阶段缺少实测载荷情况下的挂飞导弹突风谱的编制问题。
- 挂飞导弹 /
- 突风载荷谱 /
- 设计谱 /
- 5×5谱 /
- 突风速度累积超越数曲线
Abstract:
The gust load is the primary source of fatigue damage for air-to-ground missiles carried on the fuselage of bomber-type aircraft. To assess the lives of these missiles, it is necessary to develop the gust load spectrum for air-to-ground missile launches. This study provided an explanation of the characteristics of air-to-ground missiles and analyzed the gust load environment during their service. Based on the typical mission profiles of air-to-ground missiles, discrete gust speed exceedance curves were collected from measured data. A discrete gust model was applied to calculate gust load responses, resulting in a family of gust vertical acceleration cumulative exceedance curves applicable to a wide range of altitudes for air-to-ground missile spectrum development. A representative curve for typical usage situations was obtained by statistical analysis. A flight-by-flight spectrum for air-to-ground missile launch was created from a 5-by-5 spectrum of gust vertical acceleration based on mission segments. This spectrum presented herein serves as an indicative reflection of the anticipated gust environment for air-to-ground missiles. This study addresses the challenge of formulating the gust spectrum for air-to-ground missiles during the design phase, particularly in situations where measured loads are lacking.
- air-to-ground missile /
- gust load spectrum /
- design spectrum /
- five by five spectrum /
- gust velocity cumulative exceedance curves

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图 1 挂飞导弹突风设计谱编制流程

Figure 1. Design gust spectrum development process for air-to-ground missile

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图 2 按高度归并的U_de实测数据

Figure 2. Altitude-aggregated U_de measured data

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图 3 各任务段的平均突风过载累积超越数曲线

Figure 3. Mean gust vertical acceleration accumulated exceedance curves for mission segments

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图 4 挂飞导弹飞-续-飞谱

Figure 4. Flight-by-flight spectrum of the mounted missiles

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表 1 实测离散突风数据

Table 1. Actual measured discrete gust data

数据来源	飞机类型	飞机数量	飞行次数	总时长/h	总海里数/km
FAA	ERJ-145XR		47273	88305	64 351 759
	B777-200ER		10047	67000	56 490 728
	A320	56	10066	30817	24 173 545
	MD-82/ 83	8	3978	7120	4 950 350
	B737-400	17	1 1721	19105	9 713 158
	BE-1900D	28	903	585	252 687
	B767-200ER	10	1285	9164	7 035 487
KSSU	B747	52	24358	121893	105 096 876
NASA	B727	20	985	1765	2 080 148

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表 2 5×5谱载荷矩阵

Table 2. 5-by-5 spectrum load matrix

飞行类型	出现次数	各级突风过载循环次数					每次飞行合计循环数	每块合计循环数
飞行类型	出现次数	Δn_yd1	Δn_yd2	Δn_yd3	Δn_yd4	Δn_yd5	每次飞行合计循环数	每块合计循环数
A	y₁	1	B_1,2	B_1,3	B_1,4	B_1,5	$ \displaystyle\sum \limits_{{i=2}}^{\text{5}}{{B}}_{\text{1,i}} $	$ \displaystyle\sum \limits_{{i=2}}^{\text{5}}{{f}}_{\text{1}}{{B}}_{\text{1,i}} $
B	y₂	0	1	B_2,3	B_2,4	B_2,5	$ \displaystyle\sum \limits_{{i=3}}^{\text{5}}{{B}}_{2\text{,i}} $	$ \displaystyle\sum \limits_{{i=3}}^{\text{5}}{{f}}_{2}{{B}}_{2\text{,i}} $
C	y₃	0	0	1	B_3,4	B_3,5	$ \displaystyle\sum \limits_{{i=4}}^{\text{5}}{{B}}_{3\text{,i}} $	$ \displaystyle\sum \limits_{{i=4}}^{\text{5}}{{f}}_{\text{3}}{{B}}_{3\text{,i}} $
D	y₄	0	0	0	1	B_4,5	$ \displaystyle\sum \limits_{{i=5}}^{\text{5}}{{B}}_{4\text{,i}} $	$ \displaystyle\sum \limits_{{i=5}}^{\text{5}}{{f}}_{4}{{B}}_{4\text{,i}} $
E	y₅	0	0	0	0	1	1	y₅

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表 3 载机参数

Table 3. Aircraft parameters

翼展/m	长度/m	高度/m	机翼面积/m²	挂飞导弹空质量/kg	机翼平均几何弦长/m
20.4	21.0	7.3	51.2	5000	2.5

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表 4 任务段飞行参数

Table 4. Mission segment flight parameters

任务段	载机带弹总质量/kg	高度/m	飞行距离/km	当量空速/(m·s⁻¹)	所在高度空气密度/(kg·m⁻³)	升力线斜率
离场	21604	265.2	6.3	92.5	1.2150	4.20
爬升	19737	1071.3	93.0	102.7	1.1120	4.43
平飞	18253	2439.1	186.7	115.6	0.9561	4.61
下降	16241	987.5	89.9	107.0	1.1030	4.41
进场	16052	245.7	5.1	95.5	1.2070	4.18

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表 5 离场任务段突风过载5×5谱

Table 5. Gust vertical acceleration 5-by-5 spectrum of outgoing mission segment

飞行类型	次数	各级突风过载循环次数					每次飞行循环次数
飞行类型	次数	0.3407g	0.2611g	0.2151g	0.1670g	0.1207g	每次飞行循环次数
A	1	1	1	1	1	2	6
B	5	0	1	1	1	2	5
C	24	0	0	1	1	3	5
D	50	0	0	0	1	2	3
E	120	0	0	0	0	2	2

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表 6 爬升任务段突风过载5×5谱

Table 6. Gust vertical acceleration 5-by-5 spectrum of climbing mission segment

飞行类型	次数	各级突风过载循环次数					每次飞行循环次数
飞行类型	次数	0.4861g	0.3823g	0.3293g	0.2672g	0.2156g	每次飞行循环次数
A	1	1	2	2	4	7	16
B	5	0	1	1	3	5	10
C	24	0	0	1	1	3	5
D	50	0	0	0	1	3	4
E	120	0	0	0	0	3	3

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表 7 平飞任务段突风过载5×5谱

Table 7. Gust vertical acceleration 5-by-5 spectrum of level-flying mission segment

飞行类型	次数	各级突风过载循环次数					每次飞行循环次数
飞行类型	次数	0.5211g	0.3932g	0.3249g	0.2622g	0.2036g	每次飞行循环次数
A	1	1	3	6	11	17	38
B	5	0	1	4	7	13	25
C	24	0	0	1	4	8	13
D	50	0	0	0	1	3	4
E	120	0	0	0	0	1	1

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表 8 下降任务段突风过载5×5谱

Table 8. Gust vertical acceleration 5-by-5 spectrum of descending mission segment

飞行类型	次数	各级突风过载循环次数					每次飞行循环次数
飞行类型	次数	0.5940g	0.5070g	0.3764g	0.2849g	0.1920g	每次飞行循环次数
A	1	1	3	6	24	80	114
B	5	0	1	4	10	45	60
C	24	0	0	1	3	11	15
D	50	0	0	0	2	7	9
E	120	0	0	0	0	5	5

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表 9 进场任务段突风过载5×5谱

Table 9. Gust vertical acceleration 5-by-5 spectrum of approach mission segment

飞行类型	次数	各级突风过载循环次数					每次飞行循环次数
飞行类型	次数	0.4435g	0.3226g	0.2569g	0.2016g	0.1481g	每次飞行循环次数
A	1	1	1	2	3	7	14
B	5	0	1	1	3	5	10
C	24	0	0	1	1	3	5
D	50	0	0	0	1	3	4
E	120	0	0	0	0	3	3

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