Instantaneous torque control of SRM based on bridge arm shared multilevel converter
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摘要:
针对开关磁阻电机(SRM)现有不对称半桥功率变换器电平等级单一、转矩脉动抑制效果差的问题，提出一种基于新型多电平功率变换器的直接瞬时转矩控制(DITC)方法。首先，构造SRM桥臂共享型五电平功率变换器拓扑结构，通过引入横向与纵向共享桥臂，以最少功率器件数量实现多种电平组合，增加控制灵活度。其次，为消除桥臂共享导致的换相区开关状态紊乱，设计一种开关状态受限下的DITC策略，综合转矩误差、转子位置及电容电压平衡等多种因素，制定各相导通规则，最小化电机转矩脉动。与现有不对称半桥功率变换器的对比仿真和实验结果表明，所提SRM桥臂共享型多电平转矩控制不仅降低了电机转矩脉动，而且减小了铜耗，改善了电机运行效率。
Abstract:To address the issues of a low number of levels and poor torque ripple suppression effect in existing asymmetric bridge power converters for switched reluctance motors (SRM), a direct instantaneous torque control (DITC) based on a novel multi-level power converter is proposed. Firstly, a bridge arm shared five-level power conversion topology was derived for the SRM. Control flexibility was increased by achieving multiple-level combinations with the least number of power devices by providing shared bridge arms both vertically and horizontally. Secondly, an improved DITC strategy with limited switching states is developed to eliminate the switching state disorder in the commutation overlap zone caused by shared bridge arms. On this basis, various factors such as torque error, rotor position, and capacitor voltage balance are comprehensively considered to formulate conduction rules for each phase to minimize motor torque ripple. The suggested bridge arm shared multilevel torque control not only lowers current and torque ripple but also enhances motor copper loss and operating efficiency, according to comparative simulation and experimental results with traditional asymmetrical bridge power converters.
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图 1 实验测量相电压和电流波形
Figure 1. Experimental measurement of phase voltage and current waveforms
图 4 不对称半桥功率变换器开关状态
Figure 4. Switching states of asymmetric half-bridge power converter
图 14 转速ωn=200 r/min、负载TL=5 Nm时仿真结果
Figure 14. Simulation results at rotational speed 200 r/min with 5 Nm load
图 15 转速ωn=800 r/min、负载TL=5 Nm时仿真结果
Figure 15. Simulation results at rotational speed 800 r/min with 5 Nm load
图 18 转速ωn=200 r/min、负载TL=5 Nm时实验结果
Figure 18. Experimental results at rotational speed 200 r/min with 5 Nm load
图 19 转速ωn=800 r/min、负载TL=5 Nm时实验结果
Figure 19. Experimental results at rotational speed 800 r/min with 5 Nm load
表 1 A相开关状态与开关管导通状态
Table 1. A-phase switching state and switching tube conduction state
电平状态 开关管状态 GU1 GU2 GH GL GAH GAL +2 0 0 1 1 1 1 +1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 −1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 −2 0 0 0 0 0 0 
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表 2 n相SRM五电平功率拓扑器件数量对比
Table 2. Comparison of device counts for n-phase SRM five-level drive systems
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表 3 SRM样机参数
Table 3. The parameters of SRM
参数 数值 额定功率/kW 1.5 额定转速/(r·min−1) 1500 定子电阻/Ω 0.9 转动惯量/(kg·m2) 0.01 摩擦系数/((Nm)·(rad·s−1)−1) 0.005
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表 4 三电平和五电平DITC性能指标对比
Table 4. Comparison of performance indicators between three-level and five-level DITC
DITC 转速/(r·min−1) 脉动系数/% 铜耗/W 效率/% 三电平DITC 200 18.18 19.77 17.14 800 20.96 22.35 48.03 五电平DITC 200 9.66 18.06 18.74 800 17.15 20.7 48.89
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