Space-time spectral entropy based synchronization error estimation method for distributed array radar
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摘要:
分布式阵列雷达(DAR)具有空域高分辨率、部署机动灵活等优点，但各单元雷达配置独立的时钟和振荡器及触发信号在馈线链路传输的不稳定性引入时间和相位同步误差，导致DAR相参合成精度降低。基于此，提出一种基于空时谱熵的时间、相位同步误差估计方法。建立含有时间和相位同步误差的空时协方差矩阵，以此构造距离-角度空时二维谱。依据信息熵理论建立同步误差与空时谱形状不确定度的对应关系，通过优化空时谱熵值，使其达到最小来估计时间和相位同步误差。仿真实验验证了所提方法的准确性，尤其在低信噪比时具有良好的估计性能。
Abstract:Distributed array radar (DAR) has the benefits including flexible deployment and excellent spatial resolution. However, the independent clock and oscillator configurations of each radar unit, along with the instability introduced by trigger signals transmitted over the feeder link, introduce errors in time and phase synchronization, thereby reducing the accuracy of coherent synthesis in a DAR. This paper proposes a time and phase synchronization error estimation method based on space-time spectral entropy. The distance-angle space-time two-dimensional spectrum is first constructed by establishing a space-time covariance matrix with time and phase synchronization faults. Then, based on entropy theory, the correspondence between synchronization errors and space-time spectral shape uncertainty is established. The time and phase synchronization errors are estimated by optimizing the space-time spectral entropy to minimize its value. Simulation experiments validate the accuracy of the proposed method, particularly exhibiting good estimation performance under low signal-to-noise ratio.
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图 2 $ p $节点与 $ q $节点发射的FMCW信号含有时间和相位同步误差示意图
Figure 2. Diagram of the FMCW signal transmitted by the $ p $th and $ q $th node with time and phase synchronization errors
图 3 接收数据矩阵及具有时间与相位同步误差的距离谱与角度谱
Figure 3. Received data matrix and range and angle spectrum with time and phase synchronization errors
图 5 时间和相位同步误差下各节点距离和角度谱
Figure 5. Range and angle spectrum with time and phase synchronization errors for each node
图 6 时间/相位同步误差与空时谱熵的关系
Figure 6. Relationship between time/phase synchronization errors and space-time spectral entropy
图 7 同步误差校正前后二维谱校正对比
Figure 7. Comparison of two-dimensional spectrum before and after synchronization error compensation
图 8 不同信噪比下时间与相位同步误差估计均方根误差
Figure 8. Root mean squared error of time and phase synchronization error estimation under different signal-to-noise ratios
表 1 雷达仿真参数
Table 1. Radar simulation parameters
载频/GHz 带宽/MHz 脉冲重复周期/ $ \text{μs} $ 调频斜率/(MHz· $ \text{μs} $−1) 77 500 7.3 68.2 
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