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摘要:
为解决综合模块化航空电子系统（IMA）动态重构机制导致其可靠性难以建模和评估的问题，分析了IMA的组成结构及资源备份和资源抢占2种动态重构机制。根据分析结果，在现有总线性能共享多状态系统模型的基础上，考虑动态重构机制下的计算资源再分配问题，建立适用于动态重构机制下IMA的可靠性模型。同时，提出一种基于通用生成函数（UGF）的动态重构机制下IMA可靠性评估算法，对不同动态重构机制下系统可靠度进行量化评估。以某型直升机IMA中综合任务处理系统为对象进行案例应用研究，分析其备用通用处理单元数量变化对系统可靠度的影响规律，并提出最优化设计方案，以验证所提可靠性建模和评估方法的可行性。
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关键词:
- 直升机综合模块化航空电子系统 /
- 动态重构 /
- 多状态系统 /
- 通用生成函数 /
- 可靠性
Abstract:This study starts by examining the interconnection topology of integrated modular avionics (IMA) and two dynamic reconfiguration mechanisms: resource backup and resource preemption, in order to address the challenge of modeling and evaluating the dependability of IMA under dynamic reconfiguration. Subsequently, based on the operational principles of IMA and dynamic reconfiguration mechanisms, this paper extends a multi-state system with common bus performance sharing while considering the performance allocation problem for IMA under dynamic reconfiguration. Simultaneously, an algorithm about IMA reliability assessment under dynamic reconfiguration mechanisms based on the universal generating function (UGF) is proposed to quantitatively evaluate the reliability of IMA under different dynamic reconfiguration mechanisms. In order to confirm the viability of the suggested extended model and reliability assessment method, a case study is finally carried out on the IMA in the helicopter, examining the effects of variations in the number of standby processing units on the system’s dependability and suggesting an ideal design solution.
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图 3 考虑重要度的资源备份机制下数据处理与运算能力剩余分配法则
Figure 3. Performance surplus allocation rule under resource backup mechanism considering importance
图 4 考虑重要度的资源抢占机制下数据处理与运算能力剩余分配法则
Figure 4. Performance surplus allocation rule under resource preemption mechanism considering importance
图 5 基于UGF的资源备份机制下数据处理与运算能力剩余分配算法
Figure 5. The algorithm about performance surplus allocation in resource backup mechanism by using UGF
表 1 通用处理单元能力和任务需求的参数
Table 1. Parameters of the performance and the demand of general processing units
通用处理
单元型号数据处理与
运算能力发生
概率任务
需求发生
概率价格/
元Ⅰ 4 0.9 2 0.4 0.4 0 0.1 1 0.6 Ⅱ 2 0.9 2 0.4 0.2 0 0.1 0 0.6 
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表 2 总线传输能力的参数
Table 2. Parameters of performance of common bus
传输能力 发生概率 2 0.8 1 0.1 0 0.1
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