飞行员工作负荷定量实时预测模型

何雪丽; 王黎静; 湛希; 苗冲冲; 谷宗辉

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2024.0279

飞行员工作负荷定量实时预测模型

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2024.0279

1.
中国航空综合技术研究所，北京 100028
2.
北京航空航天大学航空科学与工程学院，北京 100191
3.
天津杰普逊国际飞行学院有限公司，北京 122000

详细信息

通讯作者:
E-mail：15210988283@163.com

中图分类号: V7；R857.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-05-06
- 录用日期: 2024-08-17
- 网络出版日期: 2024-09-04
- 整期出版日期: 2026-06-30

Quantitative real-time prediction model of pilot workload

1.
AVIC China Aero-Polytechnology Establishment，Beijing 100028，China
2.
School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China
3.
Tianjin Jeppesen International Flight College Co.，Ltd，Beijing 122000，China

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail：15210988283@163.com

摘要

摘要:
基于驾驶舱环境下飞行员执行飞行任务时的操作，进行飞行员工作负荷预测评估，提出一种考虑影响因素、任务单元任务负荷、任务冲突系数、多任务系数的飞行员工作负荷定量实时预测模型。选择DA 42 公务机的正常五边飞行作为预测计算的实例，设计任务场景，确定飞行操作程序，进行任务分解，通过所提模型计算出起飞、爬升、巡航、下降、进近5个飞行阶段下的飞行工作负荷实时预测值，并通过综合计算式计算得到不同飞行阶段下的平均工作负荷预测值。在DA 42公务机飞行模拟器上进行验证实验，采用NASA-TLX、Bedford、Overall工作负荷、SWAT这4种主观评价量表对不同飞行阶段的飞行工作负荷进行主观评价，得到的主观评价值与采用所提模型预测得到的工作负荷值存在非常高的相关性，值的差异性也非常小，从而验证了所提模型的准确性和可用性。
- 飞行员工作负荷 /
- 飞行任务 /
- 任务分解 /
- 主观评价 /
- 预测模型
Abstract:
Quantitative real-time prediction model of workload that take into account influencing factors, task unit load, task conflict coefficient, and multi-task coefficient are proposed based on the operational tasks of pilots conducting flying activities in the cockpit environment. Selecting the normal pentagonal flight of the DA42 business jet as an example for prediction calculation, designing task scenarios, determining flight operation procedures, decomposing tasks, and calculating the real-time predicted flight workload values for different flight stages through a comprehensive calculation formula. In order to subjectively assess the flight workload under various flying stages, a validation experiment was carried out on the DA42 business jet flight simulator utilizing four subjective assessment scales: NASA-TLX, Bedford, Overall workload, and SWAT. The subjective evaluation values obtained were highly correlated with the workload values predicted by the prediction model. This verified the correctness and usability of the proposed model of workload proposed in this study.
- pilot workload /
- flight tasks /
- decomposing tasks /
- subjective evaluation /
- prediction model

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图 1 飞行任务示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of flight task

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 飞行工作负荷预测值

Figure 2. Predictive value of pilot workload

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图 3 工作负荷主观评价值与预测值对比

Figure 3. Contrast analysis of subjective value and predictive value

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 不同飞行阶段下的工作负荷预测值

Table 1. Predictive value of pilot workload under different flight phases

飞行阶段	工作负荷预测值
起飞阶段	3.55
爬升阶段	2.78
巡航阶段	1.34
下降阶段	3.50
进近阶段	4.42

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 不同飞行阶段下工作负荷主观评价值

Table 2. Subjective value of pilot workload under different flight phases

主观评价量表	工作负荷
主观评价量表	起飞阶段	爬升阶段	巡航阶段	下降阶段	进近阶段
NASA-TLX	6.27	5.50	4.13	5.73	7.87
Bedford	3.60	2.82	1.89	3.30	4.32
Overall	51.54	40.77	24.23	45.00	62.08
SWAT	1.32	1.19	1.01	1.50	1.80

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表 3 不同主观评价负荷值相关性分析结果

Table 3. Correlations analysis between different subjective evaluation load value

主观评价量表	Pearson 相关性	显著性（双侧）
NASA-TLX	0.953*	0.012
Bedford	0.989**	0.001
Overall	0.984**	0.002
SWAT	0.925*	0.024
注：** 表示在0.01 水平（双侧）上显著相关；* 表示在 0.05 水平（双侧）上显著相关。

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表 4 成对样本检验

Table 4. Sensitive measure test

成对样本	差分的 95% 置信区间下限	差分的 95% 置信区间上限	显著性
起飞-爬升	0.67	0.96	0
爬升-巡航	0.58	1.24	0.002
巡航-起飞	−2.18	−1.27	0

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