Dynamic characteristics of rotating disk-shaped flight vehicle during skipping considering configuration
-
摘要:
旋转碟状飞行器可通过模仿石块水漂有效提升海上拒止环境突防能力，保障连续水漂和降低冲击过载是其水漂动力学设计的关键。水漂动力学特性主要取决于初始运动参数，而构型参数也是影响水漂过程位姿运动和载荷分布的重要因素。针对旋转碟状飞行器水漂动力学特性影响参数耦合、作用机制不清等问题，本文提出一种旋转碟状飞行器的参数化构型，并基于任意拉格朗日-欧拉(ALE)单元法和罚函数法完成其水漂仿真分析，分别得到构型参数和初始运动参数对其水漂动力学特性的影响规律，并探究2类参数的耦合关系。结果表明，增大边缘曲率半径可有效减小水漂过程中飞行器所受过载，而增大自旋角速度可大大提高飞行器姿态稳定性。所提研究可为旋转碟状飞行器等新型水漂式反舰设计提供参考。
-
关键词:
- 旋转碟状飞行器 /
- 水漂动力学 /
- 运动参数 /
- 构型参数 /
- 任意拉格朗日-欧拉单元法
Abstract:The rotating disk-shaped vehicle can significantly enhance penetration capabilities in denied environments by imitating stone skipping. Ensuring continuous skipping and reducing impact overload are critical dynamic design objectives. While setup settings are also important for the vehicle’s posture motion and load distribution during skipping, the dynamic aspects of skipping are mostly determined by the starting motion parameters. Therefore, the parameters affecting the dynamic characteristics of the rotating disk-shaped vehicle are strongly coupled, making the mechanisms of their influences remain unclear. This paper proposes a parameterized configuration for the disk-shaped vehicle. Utilizing the arbitrary Lagrange-Euler (ALE) method and penalty function method, a simulation analysis of the rotating disk-shaped vehicle is conducted. The study investigates the coupling relationship between configuration parameters and starting motion parameters and reveals their influence patterns on the vehicle's dynamic characteristics while skipping. The results demonstrate that increasing the edge curvature radius can effectively reduce the overload on the vehicle during skipping. Additionally, a better attitude stability can be achieved by increasing the spin rate. The findings presented in this paper can serve as valuable references for the design of new types of skipping anti-ship weapons, such as a rotating disk-shaped vehicle.
-
图 2 构型参数$ {k}_{2} $、$ {k}_{3} $的影响
Figure 2. The impact of configuration parameters of $ {k}_{2} $ and $ {k}_{3} $
图 5 石子水漂仿真与实验结果对比
Figure 5. Comparison of simulation and experimental results of stone skipping
图 6 旋转碟状飞行器水漂运动状态
Figure 6. The skimming motion state of rotating disk-shaped flight vehicle
图 7 旋转碟状飞行器运动参数曲线
Figure 7. Curves of motion parameters for rotating disk-shaped flight vehicle
图 8 旋转碟状飞行器姿态角曲线
Figure 8. Curves of attitude angles for rotating disk-shaped flight vehicle
图 9 不同构型参数$ {k}_{1} $下的运动参数曲线
Figure 9. Curves of motion parameters for different configuration parameters $ {k}_{1} $
图 10 不同构型参数$ {k}_{1} $下姿态角变化曲线
Figure 10. Curves of attitude angle variation for different configuration parameters $ {k}_{1} $
图 11 不同构型参数$ {k}_{2} $下参数变化曲线
Figure 11. Curves of parameter variation for different configuration parameters $ {k}_{2} $
图 12 不同构型参数$ {k}_{3} $下参数变化曲线
Figure 12. Curves of parameter variation for different configuration parameters $ {k}_{3} $
图 16 不同速度倾角下参数变化曲线
Figure 16. Curves of parameter variation for different velocities inclination angle
图 17 不同自旋角速度下参数变化曲线
Figure 17. Curves of parameter variation for different spin angular velocities
表 1 状态方程参数取值
Table 1. Values of parameters in state equation
$ {\rho }_{0,{\mathrm{w}}}/\left(\text{kg}\cdot {\text{m}}^{{-3}}\right) $ $ C_{\mathrm{w}}/\left({\text{m}}\cdot {\text{s}}^{-1}\right) $ $ {\gamma }_{0{\mathrm{w}}} $ $ A_{\mathrm{w}} $ $ {S}_{1{\mathrm{w}}} $ $ {S}_{2{\mathrm{w}}} $ $ {S}_{3{\mathrm{w}}} $ $ w_{\mathrm{w}}/\left({\text{J}}\cdot {\text{m}}^{-3}\right) $ $ {\rho }_{0,{\mathrm{a}}}/\left(\text{kg}\cdot {\text{m}}^{{-3}}\right) $ $ {c}_{1{\mathrm{a}}} $ $ {c}_{2{\mathrm{a}}} $ $ {c}_{3{\mathrm{a}}} $ $ {c}_{4{\mathrm{a}}} $ $ {c}_{5{\mathrm{a}}} $ $ {c}_{6{\mathrm{a}}} $ $ w_{\mathrm{a}}/\left(\text{J}\cdot {\text{m}}^{-3}\right) $ 1 000 1 650 0.5 0.35 1.92 −0.096 0 1.9×105 1.225 0 0 0 0.4 0.4 0 2.1×105 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 几何模型参数
Table 2. Geometric model parameters
质量/kg 半径/m $ {I}_{x} $/(kg·m−2) $ {I}_{y} $/(kg·m−2) $ {I}_{{\textit{z}}} $/(kg·m−2) $ {k}_{1} $ $ {k}_{2} $ $ {k}_{3} $ 14 550.0 7.0 22 837.9 45 462.1 22 800.0 1.5 0.2 10
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 初始运动参数
Table 3. Initial motion parameters
速度/(m·s−1) 速度倾角/(°) 俯仰角/(°) 偏航角/(°) 自旋角速度/(rad·s−1) 100.0 −20.0 15.0 0 400.0
下载: 导出CSV
表 4 构型参数和初始运动参数影响规律
Table 4. The influence pattern of configuration parameters and initial motion parameters
影响因素 影响因素 V 过载 $\Delta \theta $ $\Delta \varphi $ $ {k}_{1} $ \ $ - $ $ + $ $ - $ $ {k}_{2} $ $ + $ $ - $ $ - $ $ + $ $ {k}_{3} $ $ + $ $ + $ $ - $ \ $\theta $ $ - $ $ - $ \ $ - $ V \ $ + $ $ + $ $ + $ 速度倾角 $ - $ $ + $ $ + $ $ + $ $\omega $ $ - $ $ + $ $ + $ $ - $ 注：首行中的V为旋转碟状飞行器离开水面后的速度大小；过载为飞行器在水漂过程中所受的最大过载；“$\Delta \theta $”“$\Delta \varphi $”为飞行器离开水面后与初始时刻的角度之差的绝对值，即角度的变化量，可以表示飞行器姿态的稳定性；“\”表示该参数不随初始参数单调变化；“$ + $”表示正相关，“$ - $”表示负相关。
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] BOCQUET L. The physics of stone skipping[J]. American Journal of Physics, 2003, 71(2): 150-155. [2] ROSELLINI L, HERSEN F, CLANET C, et al. Skipping stones[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2005, 543: 137-146. [3] CLANET C, HERSEN F, BOCQUET L. Secrets of successful stone-skipping[J]. Nature, 2004, 427(6969): 29. [4] 李超, 吕日毅, 钱仁军, 等. 美跨介质飞行器技术发展与运用研究[J]. 战术导弹技术, 2023(6): 120-127.LI C, LV R Y, QIAN R J, et al. Research on technology development and application of American trans-media vehicle[J]. Tactical Missile Technology, 2023(6): 120-127(in Chinese). [5] 周正, 黄大志, 唐雯铠, 等. 潜空跨介质无人航行器研究现状与分析[J]. 科技创新与应用, 2024, 14(3): 5-7.ZHOU Z, HUANG D Z, TANG W K, et al. Research status and analysis of underwater-aerial trans-media unmanned vehicle[J]. Technology Innovation and Application, 2024, 14(3): 5-7(in Chinese). [6] 罗剑桥, 解春雷, 金泽华, 等. 跨介质飞行器近水面滑跳流固耦合仿真及可滑跳区域研究[J]. 航空学报, 2023, 44(21): 377-394.LUO J Q, XIE C L, JIN Z H, et al. Water-skipping fluid-structure interaction simulation and slippable area study of trans-medium vehicle[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2023, 44(21): 377-394(in Chinese). [7] 田北晨, 刘涛涛, 吴钦, 等. 跨介质飞行器触水滑跳运动特性数值模拟[J]. 兵工学报, 2022, 43(3): 586-598.TIAN B C, LIU T T, WU Q, et al. Numerical simulation on kinematic characteristics of trans-media aircraft during water-skipping[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2022, 43(3): 586-598(in Chinese). [8] 孙士明, 郁伟, 王晓辉, 等. 基于多目标优化的跨介质航行体水面滑跳初始运动参数设计[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(2): 541-551.SUN S M, YU W, WANG X H, et al. Initial kinematic parameters design of trans-media vehicle skipping over water surface based on multi-objective optimization[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(2): 541-551(in Chinese). [9] 侯东伯. 运动体触水滑跳过程运动特性研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学, 2020.HOU D B. Research on kinematic characteristics of moving object during water-skipping[D]. Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology, 2020(in Chinese). [10] 李聪慧. 圆盘近水面滑跳运动多相流动特性研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学, 2022.LI C H. Study on multiphase flow characteristics in neat-watersurface skipping motion of disk[D]. Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology, 2022(in Chinese). [11] 付晓琴, 李阳辉, 卢昱锦, 等. 二维平板水漂运动数值模拟[J]. 航空学报, 2021, 42(6): 269-286.FU X Q, LI Y H, LU Y J, et al. Numerical simulation of two-dimensional plate skipping[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2021, 42(6): 269-286(in Chinese). [12] 杨超, 姜宇, 吴志刚. 基于边界元法的三维结构体滑跳运动数值仿真[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2022, 48(9): 1678-1691.YANG C, JIANG Y, WU Z G. Numerical simulation of skipping motion of three-dimensional structure based on boundary element method[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2022, 48(9): 1678-1691(in Chinese). [13] 李飞, 孙凌玉, 张广越, 等. 圆柱壳结构入水过程的流固耦合仿真与试验[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2007, 33(9): 1117-1120.LI F, SUN L Y, ZHANG G Y, et al. Simulation and experiment of cylinder shell structure dropping into water based on fluid structure interaction[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2007, 33(9): 1117-1120(in Chinese). [14] 任帆涛, 牛钰森, 姜毅, 等. 透镜飞行器击水弹跳运动数值模拟[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(5): 1482-1496.REN F T, NIU Y S, JIANG Y, et al. Numerical simulation of lenticular aircraft during water-skipping[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(5): 1482-1496(in Chinese). [15] 赵坤. 水漂动力学建模与仿真[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学, 2014.ZHAO K. Dynamics modling and simulation of hydroplaning[D]. Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology, 2014(in Chinese). [16] 华厦, 邹恒, 徐鹏, 等. 基于SPH方法与ALE方法的圆盘水漂对比研究[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2013, 13(2): 421-424.HUA X, ZOU H, XU P, et al. Comparative study of stone skipping with SPH method and ALE method[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2013, 13(2): 421-424(in Chinese). [17] 孙士明, 颜开, 陈玮琪. 圆盘水面弹跳过程运动特性数值研究[J]. 船舶力学, 2021, 25(6): 716-725.SUN S M, YAN K, CHEN W Q. Numerical study on kinetic characteristics of disk skipping over water surface[J]. Journal of Ship Mechanics, 2021, 25(6): 716-725(in Chinese). [18] NAGAHIRO S I, HAYAKAWA Y. Theoretical and numerical approach to “magic angle” of stone skipping[J]. Physical Review Letters, 2005, 94(17): 174501. [19] MAKINO M. Stone skipping simulation by ALE and SPH[C]//Proceedings of the 11th International LS-DYNA Users Conference. Trento: SPHERIC, 2010: 33-38. [20] 闫蕊. 基于SPH方法的结构物入水若干问题研究[D]. 西安: 西北工业大学, 2016.YAN R. Research on some problems in structure impact with water using SPH method[D]. Xi’an: Northwestern Polytechnical University, 2016(in Chinese). [21] YAN R, MONAGHAN J J. SPH simulation of skipping stones[J]. European Journal of Mechanics-B/Fluids, 2017, 61: 61-71. [22] LI C H, WANG C, WEI Y J, et al. Three-dimensional numerical simulation of cavity dynamics of a stone with different spinning velocities[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2020, 129: 103339. [23] LI C H, WANG C, WEI Y J, et al. Hydrodynamic force and attitude angle characteristics of a spinning stone impacting a free surface[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2021, 33(12): 123309. [24] LI C H, WANG C, WEI Y J, et al. Numerical investigation on the cavity dynamics and deviation characteristics of skipping stones[J]. Journal of Fluids and Structures, 2021, 104: 103301. [25] 邬明. LS—DYNA的ALE方法在圆盘击水滑跳中的应用[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2011, 11(33): 8247-8251.WU M. Numerical simulation research on bounce of circular disks Base on the ALE of LS-DYNA[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2011, 11(33): 8247-8251(in Chinese). [26] SURHONE L M, TENNOE M T, HENSSONOW S F. Pye Wacket[M]. Saarbrücken: Betascript Publishing, 2011. [27] 马文朝, 孟繁敏, 马诺, 等. 跨介质飞行器头部外形优化及入水性能分析[J]. 兵工学报, 2022, 43(10): 2588-2597.MA W C, MENG F M, MA N, et al. Head shape optimization and water entry performance analysis of trans-medium aircraft[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2022, 43(10): 2588-2597(in Chinese). -
下载:
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 230
- HTML全文浏览量: 77
- PDF下载量: 7
- 被引次数: 0
