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摘要: 为了研究航天员舱外活动时的手套压力和太空低温复合效应对操作力量的影响,选取最大握力和握力疲劳两个指标评价手动作业力量,其中握力疲劳采用做功能力评价.操作力量抓握试验所需的不同温度和压力是通过在低温模拟舱中利用液氮降温以及真空泵抽气实现.结果表明:戴手套对最大握力和握力疲劳的影响都非常显著;与常温常压戴手套相比,压力(29.6kPa,39.2kPa)单独作用对最大握力的影响显著,低温单独作用对最大握力的影响并不显著,而二者对握力疲劳的影响都非常显著;在加压和低温复合作用下,最大握力和握力疲劳会进一步受到显著影响.可见手套压力和太空低温复合效应严重降低了航天员手部力量的发挥,航天员舱外作业人-手套系统的研究需考虑复合因素的影响.Abstract: In order to study the effects of combined stress of glove pressure and low temperature on astronaut operation strength during extravehicular activity (EVA), the maximum grip strength and grip fatigue were selected as two indicators to evaluate the strength of manual performance. Fatigue was evaluated by the work done in grip test. The low-temperature and pressured experimental conditions in the grip test were simulated in the low-temperature simulation cabin using the liquid nitrogen and the vacuum pump. The results indicate that wearing glove has very significant effect on the maximum grip strength and grip fatigue. Pressure(29.6kPa,39.2kPa) has significant influence on the maximum grip strength compared with wearing glove under normal temperature and pressure. Low temperature has no significant influence on the maximum grip strength. However, pressure and low temperature have particularly significant influence on grip fatigue. Under the combined stress of both pressure and low temperature, the maximum grip strength and grip fatigue will be further influenced significantly. The combined stress of pressure and low temperature in space seriously reduces the strength of the astronauts. The effects of combined stresses should be considered in researches of the man-glove system during extravehicular operations.
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Key words:
- extravehicular activity /
- glove /
- low temperature /
- pressure /
- strength
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