EMC pre-design technologies on EW special aircraft
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摘要: 为解决飞机电磁兼容传统设计方法的不足,提出并采用自顶向下、全机系统量化的电磁兼容预设计方法,在特种飞机系统方案论证阶段构建能量传输模型和系统受扰的关联矩阵,通过数值仿真、行为级仿真、等效推算、模拟测试、数据统计等手段,分析机载设备、火工品、燃油和人员的安全性,对全机的电磁兼容进行评估、指标量化分配和优化设计,实现全机系统良好的电磁兼容设计状态;能针对分系统指标的变动随时分析全机电磁兼容性的变化,也可为实现全机电磁兼容而调整分系统指标.该方法在全机系统定型前充分暴露可能出现的电磁兼容问题,并最大程度将其解决在系统设计阶段.该方法已应用于多个特种飞机型号的电磁兼容研制中,预设计成功率高,为解决型号研制中的电磁兼容问题提供了重要的技术支撑.Abstract: To resolve the disadvantages of the traditional electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) design method on electronic warfare (EW) special aircraft, a novel method named "top-down, systemic, quantificational pre-design" was presented and applied. As design scheme of EW special aircraft was conceived, systemic energy-transmission models and interfered relationship matrices were devised. Then the security of on-vehicle receivers, fuze, fuel, aviators and operators was analyzed with the method of numerical simulation, behavioral level simulation, equivalent calculation, statistics of datum, etc. The perfect system EMC performance can be achieved by evaluating EMC performance, distributing the EMC parameters quantificationally, optimizing design time after time. In addition, the system EMC performance can be analyzed along with the change of subsystem parameters. The subsystem parameters can be adjusted to meet the system EMC performance as well. The potential EMC problems can be exposed at the stage of design and resolved before the design was finalized. It has been applied in EMC design on a number of special aircrafts with a high success rate, and offered important technical support for resolving the acute EMC problems in research and development of models.
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Key words:
- electromagnetic compatibility /
- electronic warfare /
- special aircraft /
- pre-design /
- quantification 电子战特种飞机指对国家安全有重大影响的干扰机、预警机、通信指挥机、侦察机、无人机等特殊用途飞机,它们的共同特点是:任务系统由大量具备有源/无源、探测/侦察、干扰/抗干扰、通信/导航/雷达/识别等功能的电子设备组成,全机系统工作频带宽、收发设备频带交叠严重、发射设备辐射功率大、接收设备灵敏度高、天线数量多,且全部集中于一个载机平台上,使飞机电磁兼容问题变得异常复杂,成为特种飞机研制的重大技术风险之一.传统的飞机电磁兼容设计方是:由飞机总体主要依据系统的设计功能对各分系统提出指标要求,在分系统的研制或生产过程中,也主要考虑功能性要求来实现设计参数,对各分系统间的电磁兼容相互关联关系考虑不充分
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