转静件碰摩故障定位声发射波束形成方法

何田; 叶午; 于海生; 刘文洋; 刘献栋

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2014.0828

转静件碰摩故障定位声发射波束形成方法

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2014.0828

北京航空航天大学交通科学与工程学院, 北京 100191

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(51105018);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(YWF-14-JTXY-16)

详细信息

通讯作者:
何田(1979-),男,四川广安人,副教授,hetian@buaa.edu.cn,主要研究方向为机械系统故障诊断及结构损伤检测.

中图分类号: TH17;V231
计量
- 文章访问数: 867
- HTML全文浏览量: 59
- PDF下载量: 530
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2014-12-30
- 修回日期: 2015-02-25
- 网络出版日期: 2015-12-20

Acoustic emission beamforming method for localizing rotor-stator rubbing fault

School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing 100191, China

摘要

摘要: 目前制约碰摩定量诊断的难题之一就是振动法无法对其进行有效定位.针对该问题,提出了一种适用于旋转机械的转静件碰摩故障定位的声发射(AE)波束形成方法.首先,根据旋转机械转静件碰摩力学模型和转子实验台参数建立了碰摩声发射的有限元仿真模型,进行了碰摩声发射仿真,分析了仿真信号特征和声发射波传播特性.然后,基于声发射仿真信号和声发射碰摩传播特性研究了几种典型的波束形成阵列形式(直线阵列、十字阵列和圆形阵列)的碰摩定位性能,确定直线阵列最适合用于碰摩定位;针对直线阵列的缺点,提出了传感器阵列布置的优化方案和定位流程.最后,通过实验对提出的碰摩故障定位方法进行验证.研究结果表明,通过选择正确的传感器阵列布置方式、合理的传感器阵列形式,声发射波束形成法可以实现对碰摩故障的准确定位.
- 碰摩 /
- 定位 /
- 声发射(AE) /
- 波束形成 /
- 有限元
Abstract: One of the challenges restricted rubbing quantitative diagnosis is that vibration method cannot be effective applied to rubbing fault localization. Therefore, an acoustic emission (AE) beamforming array was presented to localize rotor-stator rubbing fault of rotating machinery. Firstly, finite element simulation model of rubbing AE was established based on mechanical model of rotor-stator rubbing and the structure of rotor test-bed, which can be used to simulate AE signals and study characteristics of simulating signals and AE wave propagation. Then rubbing localization performances of AE beamforming with typical arrays, such as line array, crossed array and circular array, were studied based on simulation AE signals and propagation characteristics of rubbing AE, and that the line array was the most appropriate for rubbing localization. Aiming to the shortage of line array, the improved sensor array and localization scheme were approached. Finally, the proposed localizing method of rubbing fault was verified by experiments. The results show that AE beamforming method can achieve accurate localization of rubbing fault by choosing the right sensor array and suitable sensor arrangement.
- rubbing /
- localization /
- acoustic emission (AE) /
- beamforming /
- finite element

HTML全文

参考文献(15)

[1]	艾延廷,费成巍,王志.航空发动机整机振动故障模糊信息熵诊断方法[J].推进技术,2011,32(3):407-411. Ai Y T,Fei C W,Wang Z.A fault diagnosis method for aero-engine vibration based on fuzzy information entropy[J].Journal of Propulsion Technology,2011,32(3):407-411(in Chinese).
[2]	张文斌,唐贵基,王维珍.大型汽轮机动静碰摩故障的分析和处理[J].东方电气评论,2004,18(4):231-234. Zhang W B,Tang G J,Wang W Z.Analysis and dealing with the rubbing between shaft/rotor and starts of large turbine-generator unit[J].Dongfang Dianqi Pinglun,2004,18(4):231-234(in Chinese).
[3]	罗跃纲,张松鹤,闻邦椿.转子-轴承系统裂纹-碰摩耦合故障的非线性特性研究[J].振动与冲击,2005,24(3):43-46 Luo Y G,Zhang S H,Wen B C.Study on complex nonlinear dynamics of rigid rotor bearing system[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2005,24(3):43-46(in Chinese).
[4]	王翔,田永伟,王金平.基于HHT的汽轮机组碰摩故障信号时频分析方法研究[J].汽轮机技术,2010,52(2):133-136. Wang X,Tian Y W,Wang J P.Study on time-frequency analysis method of rub-impact fault for turbine unit based on Hilbert-Huang transform[J].Turbine Technology,2010,52(2):133-136(in Chinese).
[5]	邓艾东,包永强,赵力.转子碰摩声发射源定位中的广义互相关时延估计研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(14):86-92. Deng A D,Bao Y Q,Zhao L.Research on time delay estimation algorithm based on generalized cross correlation in acoustic emission source location[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(14):86-92(in Chinese).
[6]	褚福磊,王庆禹,卢文秀.用声发射技术与小波包分解确定转子系统的碰摩位置[J].机械工程学报,2002,38(3):139-143. Chu F L,Wang Q Y,Lu W X.Detection of the rub location in a rotor system with AE sensors and wavelet analysis[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2002,38(3):139-143(in Chinese).
[7]	Hall L D,Mba D.Acoustic emissions diagnosis of rotor-stator rubs using the KS statistic[J].Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2004,18(4):849-868.
[8]	Hall L D,Mba D.Diagnosis of continuous rotor-stator rubbing in large scale turbine units using acoustic emissions[J].Ultrasonics,2004,41(9):765-773.
[9]	何田,刘耀光,陈亚农,等.基于声发射波束形成法的转静子碰摩故障定位[J].航空动力学报,2011,26(10):2207-2213. He T,Liu Y G,Chen Y N,et al.Method for locating of rotor-stator based on acoustic emission beamforming[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2011,26(10):2207-2213(in Chinese).
[10]	He T,Xiao D H,Pan Q,et al.Analysis on accuracy improvement of rotor-stator rubbing localization based on acoustic emission beamforming method[J].Ultrasonics,2014,54(1):318-329.
[11]	He T,Pan Q,Liu X D,et al.Near-field beamforming analysis for AE source localization[J].Ultrasonics,2012,52(5):587-592.
[12]	McLaskey G C,Glaser S D,Grosse C U.Beamforming array techniques for acoustic emission monitoring of large concrete structures[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2010,329(12):2384-2394.
[13]	刘献栋.旋转机械转静件碰摩故障及其诊断技术的研究[D].北京:北京航空航天大学,1999. Liu X D.Research on rub-impact fault between rotor and stator in rotating machinery and its diagnostic technology[D].Beijing:Beihang University,1999(in Chinese).
[14]	Johnson D H,Dudgeon D E.Array signal processing:Concepts and techniques[M].Englewood Cliffs,NJ:Prentice-Hall,1993:111-198.
[15]	Christensen J J,Hald J.Technical review No.1:Beamforming[R].Nærum:Brüel & Kjær,2004:1-48.