Corner building method and algorithm of automatic programing for aircraft structural parts
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摘要:
针对飞机结构件转角数控（NC）加工编程效率低、工作量大、质量不稳定等问题，提出一种基于转角面的自动扩展技术，并结合工艺知识建立加工模型，为实现转角数控加工自动编程技术奠定了基础。首先定义了转角、转角面、转角加工模型及转角加工干涉域等概念；然后给出了自动扩展、侧转面与切元计算、干涉域构建等技术，实现转角加工模型的构建；最后，基于以上研究开发了转角数控加工自动编程系统，并初步应用于某型号飞机结构件的生产，应用结果表明，该技术显著提高了转角数控加工编程的效率和质量，降低了编程工作量。
Abstract:Aimed at the problems of inefficiency, heavy work and unstable quality in corner numerical control (NC) programing for aircraft structural parts, a new auto-extended method based on rounded corner face was put forward. Combined with process knowledge, the processing model of corner is set up, which is the key issue of automatic NC programming. First, some new terms were introduced, such as corner, rounded corner face, processing model of corner and interference region of corner machining. Next, in order to set up a model of corner processing, some methods were proposed which include auto-extended technology, side surface of revolution and cutting element computation methods, and interference region building approach. Based on the above research, an automatic NC programing system of corner was developed, which had been successfully applied in a large aviation manufacturing enterprise. The preliminary application shows that the method is valid for increasing efficiency and quality of corner NC programing, which leads to programing workload reduction.
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图 9 转角面自动扩展技术算法流程
Figure 9. Algorithm flowchart of auto-extended technology for rounded corner face
表 1 转角特征计算正确率
Table 1. Calculation accuracy of corner feature
类型 tc 正确率/% 连通侧转面 0 98.5 1 98.2 -1 98.2 2 97.5 非连通侧转面 0 97.2 1 96.5 -1 96.5 2 95.1 
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表 2 转角加工数控编程工作量及耗时对比
Table 2. Workload and time-consumption of corner machining numerical control programing
类型 tc 平均交互次数 平均耗时/s 效率/% 手工 自动 手工 自动 ηt ηw 连通侧转面 0 40 1 120 1 99.2 97.5 1 60 1 180 1 99.4 98.3 -1 60 1 180 1 99.4 98.3 2 70 1 240 1 99.6 98.6 非连通侧转面 0 40 3 120 2 98.3 92.5 1 60 3 180 2 98.9 95.0 -1 60 3 180 2 98.9 95.0 2 70 3 240 2 99.2 95.7
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