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摘要:
针对机载电动静液作动器（EHA）用20 kW级大功率无刷直流电机，提出了一种改进的定频数字滞环电流控制策略（HCCS）。在此控制策略中，通过对PWM_ON调制模式下相电流数学模型的构建以及相应电流环控制模式的分析，对一种综合三角载波控制和滞环电流控制的混合滞环电流控制进行改进，设计了一种实现简单、控制稳定、具有过流保护功能以及功率元件开关频率有条件固定的改进的准定频滞环电流控制策略，并通过数字化处理，引入数字化规则，实现完全的定频控制。仿真和实验结果表明，此控制策略能够实现大功率无刷直流电机控制时固定的功率元件开关频率以及高频率响应，将为高性能大功率无刷直流电机高效的电流控制提供一条新路径。
Abstract:An improved constant-frequency digital hysteresis current control strategy (HCCS) was introduced for high-power 20 kW brushless DC motor used in airborne integrated electrical hydrostatic actuator (EHA). In this control strategy, by the modeling of phase current using PWM_ON modulation mode and analysis of different types of current control strategy, a quasi-constant-frequency HCCS with simple implementation, inherited stability and over current protection capability was designed by improving the hybrid HCCS integrating the triangular carrier based control strategy and HCCS. Furthermore, completely constant-frequency was obtained by applying digitalized implementation and digital processing rules. Simulation and experiment show that this strategy can achieve constant switch frequency of power electric component and high frequency response of current loop in high power brushless DC motor simultaneously. This will provide a new approach for the high performance control of brushless DC motor.
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Key words:
- brushless DC motor /
- current control /
- hysteresis /
- triangular carrier /
- constant-frequency
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图 2 无刷直流电机系统在两相导通模式下的简化等效电路
Figure 2. Simplified equivalent circuit of a brushless DC motorsystem in two-phase conduction mode
图 3 滞环电流控制的工作原理示意图
Figure 3. Schematic diagram of working principle ofhysteresis current control
图 4 三角载波滞环电流控制的工作原理示意图
Figure 4. Schematic diagram of working principle of triangularcarrier hysteresis current control
图 5 混合滞环电流控制的工作原理示意图
Figure 5. Schematic diagram of working principle of hybrid hysteresis current control
图 6 混合滞环电流控制电流轨迹及开关信号时序图
Figure 6. Curves of current track and sequence chart ofswitch signal in hybrid hysteresis current control
图 7 混合滞环电流控制实现定频的约束条件示意图
Figure 7. Schematic diagram of constraint conditions for constant-frequency in hybrid hysteresis current control
图 8 仅要求稳态定频的滞环电流控制电流轨迹及开关信号时序图(仅为典型示例)
Figure 8. Curves of current track and sequence chart ofswitch signal in hysteresis current control when constant-frequency is only required in stable state (just a typical example presented)
图 9 滞环电流控制中电流上升率过高时的定频约束条件示意图
Figure 9. Schematic diagram of constraint conditions forconstant-frequency in hysteresis current control when current rising rate exceeds its upper limit
图 10 给定参数下稳态时定频约束关系曲线
Figure 10. Constraint relation curves for constant-frequency only required in stable state with given parameters
图 11 滞环电流控制中因反电动势过小导致开关频率变化时的电流轨迹及开关信号时序图
Figure 11. Curves of current track and sequence chart ofswitch signal in hysteresis current control whenswitch frequency varies due to over-low back EMF
图 14 器件延时影响开关频率示意图
Figure 14. Schematic diagram of effect of devicedelay on switch frequency
图 15 反电动势取值不同时的恒值电流仿真响应
Figure 15. Simulated response of constant targetcurrent when different back EMFs are applied
图 16 反电动势为20 V时的20 A阶跃电流仿真响应
Figure 16. Simulated response of 20 A steptarget current when back EMF is 20 V
图 17 反电动势为60 V时的1 kHz、20 A正弦电流仿真响应
Figure 17. Simulated response of 1 kHz，20 A sinusoidal current when back EMF is 60 V
图 18 无刷直流电机控制系统实验平台结构
Figure 18. Structure of experimental platform forbrushless DC motor controller system
图 19 反电动势取值不同时的恒值电流实验响应
Figure 19. Experimental response of constant targetcurrent when different back EMFs are applied
图 20 反电动势约为20 V时的20 A阶跃电流实验响应
Figure 20. Experimental response of 20 A steptarget current when back EMF is about 20 V
图 21 反电动势约60 V时的1 kHz、20 A正弦电流响应
Figure 21. Experimental response of 1 kHz，20 Asinusoidal current when back EMF is about 60 V
表 1 滞环电流控制器各器件的典型平均延时
Table 1. Typical averaged delay of parts inhysteresis current controller
器件或过程 平均延时/μs 霍尔电流传感器 0.50 信号调理电路 0.10 ADC采样 0.50 CPLD逻辑处理 0.01 光耦隔离器件 0.50 IGBT器件开通关断 1.00 
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