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摘要:
提出了一种基于频率分集阵列多输入多输出（FDA-MIMO）的距离欺骗干扰鉴别方法。FDA-MIMO中，目标回波在阵元间产生的相位差及空间角频率与距离、角度呈线性关系，而假目标不满足该关系。本文对目标回波和多类假目标在FDA-MIMO接收端的相位差、空间角频率进行了理论推导，详细分析了上下变频、匹配滤波、信号混合、移频等因素的影响，给出了假目标鉴别的具体流程。理论分析及仿真结果表明，该方法能准确提取混合信号的相位差及空间角频率信息，有效对抗多种类型的转发式欺骗干扰。
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关键词:
- 雷达 /
- 转发式欺骗干扰 /
- 频率分集阵列 (FDA) /
- 相位差 /
- 空间角频率
Abstract:A range deception jamming discrimination method based on the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar with frequency diversity array (FDA) is proposed. In FDA-MIMO, the phase difference or spatial frequency between different elements of echo is dependent on both range and angle, which implies that the false targets can be discriminated and suppressed due to the mismatch in either range or angle. This paper derives the phase difference and spatial frequency formula of echo, jamming and mixed signal, analyzes the influence of up and down conversion, matched filtering, frequency shift and signal mixing in details, and introduces the entire identification process. The effectiveness of proposed method in suppressing jamming is demonstrated via theoretical analysis and computer simulations. Results show that this method can extract the phase difference and spatial frequency accurately, and discriminate false targets successfully under different scenarios.
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图 2 回波信号在两阵元间的相位差
Figure 2. Phase difference between two array elements of echo signal
图 3 间歇采样干扰信号与回波信号的匹配滤波输出
Figure 3. Matched filtering output of interrupted-sampling jamming and echo signals
图 4 回波信号、间歇采样干扰信号 (无移频和1 MHz移频) 与混合信号匹配滤波输出的阵元间相位差
Figure 4. Matched filtering output's phase difference of echo signals, interrupted-sampling jamming signals (without any frequency shift and with 1 MHz frequency shift) and mixed signals
图 5 重复采样干扰信号与回波信号的匹配滤波输出
Figure 5. Matched filtering output of repeated-sampling jamming and echo signals
图 6 回波信号、重复采样干扰信号 (无移频和1 MHz移频) 与混合信号匹配滤波输出的阵元间相位差
Figure 6. Matched filtering output's phase difference of echo signals, repeated-sampling jamming signals (without any frequency shift and with 1 MHz frequency shift) and mixed signals
图 7 不同干信比下，混合信号各峰值相位差与理论相位差对比
Figure 7. Comparison between peak's phase difference of mixed signal and theoretic phase difference under different JSRs
图 8 回波与间歇采样干扰信号的空间角频率测量值
Figure 8. Measured spatial frequency of echo and interrupted-sampling jamming signals
图 9 回波与重复采样干扰信号的空间角频率测量值
Figure 9. Measured spatial frequency of echo and repeated-sampling jamming signals
表 1 不同干信比下回波信号、间歇采样干扰信号及混合信号在两阵元间的相位差
Table 1. Phase difference between two array elements of echo, interrupted-sampling jamming and mixed signals under different JSRs
信号类型 峰值指示距离/km 目标类型 各距离相位差理论值/rad 不同干信比下相位差测量值/rad JSR=6 dB JSR=9 dB JSR=12 dB JSR=20 dB 回波 30.0 真 5.026 5.026 5.026 5.026 5.026 干扰1 31.5 假 4.960 5.026 5.026 5.026 5.026 干扰2 28.5 假 5.089 4.901 4.909 4.909 4.909 混合1 30.0 真 5.026 5.026 5.026 5.026 5.026 混合1 31.5 假 4.960 5.026 5.026 5.026 5.026 混合2 30.0 真 5.026 5.026 5.026 5.026 5.026 混合2 28.5 假 5.089 4.909 4.901 4.901 4.901 
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表 2 不同干信比下回波信号、重复采样干扰信号及混合信号在两阵元间的相位差
Table 2. Phase difference between two array elements of echo, repeated-sampling jamming and mixed signals under different JSRs
信号类型 峰值指示距离/km 目标类型 各距离相位差理论值/rad 不同干信比下相位差测量值/rad JSR=6 dB JSR=9 dB JSR=12 dB JSR=20 dB 回波 30.00 真 5.026 5.026 5.026 5.026 5.026 混合1 30.00 真 5.026 5.022 5.021 5.021 5.021 混合1 30.75 假 5.000 5.020 5.020 5.030 5.030 混合1 31.50 假 4.960 5.020 5.020 5.020 5.020 混合1 32.25 假 4.930 5.030 5.040 5.010 5.000 混合2 30.00 真 5.026 5.028 5.033 5.034 5.039 混合2 27.75 假 5.120 4.820 4.790 4.790 4.790 混合2 28.50 假 5.090 4.900 4.900 4.900 4.900 混合2 29.25 假 5.060 4.930 4.920 4.920 4.920
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表 3 回波与间歇采样干扰信号的空间角频率
Table 3. Spatial frequency of echo and interrupted-sampling jamming signals
信号类型 峰值指示
距离/km理论空间
角频率/Hz实际空间
角频率/Hz回波 30.0 5.34 5.354 干扰1 31.5 5.26 5.354 干扰2 28.5 5.40 6.562 注：干扰1不含移频，干扰2含1 MHz移频。
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表 4 回波与重复采样干扰信号的空间角频率
Table 4. Measured spatial frequency of echo and repeated-sampling jamming signals
信号类型 峰值指示距离/km 理论空间角频率/Hz 实际空间角频率/Hz 回波 30.00 5.336 5.332 干扰1 30.75 5.300 5.332 干扰1 31.50 5.270 5.332 干扰1 32.25 5.220 5.332 干扰2 27.75 5.430 6.562 干扰2 28.50 5.400 6.510 干扰2 29.25 5.370 6.510 注：干扰1不含移频，干扰2含1 MHz移频。
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