非标称对流层误差对GBAS完好性的影响

辛蒲敏; 王志鹏

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2016.0665

非标称对流层误差对GBAS完好性的影响

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2016.0665

辛蒲敏,
王志鹏^,

北京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院, 北京 100083

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 61501010

航空科学基金 2015ZC51035

北京市自然科学基金 4154078

详细信息

作者简介:
辛蒲敏女, 硕士研究生; 主要研究方向:导航和GBAS性能评估

王志鹏男, 博士, 讲师, 硕士生导师; 主要研究方向:卫星导航民航/军航/通航应用的完好性监测技术

通讯作者:
王志鹏, E-mail:wangzhipeng@buaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: V249.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-08-17
- 录用日期: 2016-11-11
- 网络出版日期: 2017-09-20

Impact of non-nominal troposphere error on GBAS integrity

XIN Pumin,
WANG Zhipeng^,

School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing 100083, China

Funds:

National Natural Science Foundation of China 61501010

Aeronautical Science Foundation of China 2015ZC51035

Natural Science Foundation of Beijing 4154078

More Information

Corresponding author: WANG Zhipeng, E-mail: wangzhipeng@buaa.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
地基增强系统（GBAS）中，非标称对流层误差引起的平均垂直保护级（VPL）增量为2.29 m，误差包络精度降低，系统完好性风险增大。针对上述问题，基于修正的Hopfield模型，综合考虑天气和卫星仰角实时变化情况，以及飞机与地面站的实时距离，提出一种实时计算非标称对流层误差的方法；鉴于该方法对甚高频频数据播发（VDB）传输带宽要求较高，提出拟合计算方法，将实时误差拟合为距离和卫星仰角的函数。仿真计算单点、进近区和终端区3种飞行场景下的VPL，分析非标称对流层误差对GBAS完好性的影响，结果表明：采用实时计算方法时，平均VPL增量为1.55 m，非标称对流层误差的包络精度提高32.52%；采用拟合计算方法时，平均VPL增量为1.27 m，包络精度提高44.54%，VDB传输数据减少，GBAS完好性风险降低。
- 地基增强系统(GBAS) /
- 完好性 /
- 垂直保护级(VPL) /
- 非标称对流层误差 /
- Hopfield模型
Abstract:
In current ground-based augmentation system (GBAS), the average vertical protection level(VPL) increase caused by non-nominal troposphere error is 2.29 m, the accuracy of bounding is reduced and the integrity risk is increased. Faced with the above problems, a real-time method was proposed based on the modified Hopfield model. With real-time method, the non-nominal troposphere error was calculated according to the real-time weather changes, satellite elevation angle and the distance between aircraft and ground station. Given the high requirement of the real-time method for very high frequency data broadcast(VDB) transmission bandwidth, a fitting method was proposed, in which error is a function of distance and elevation angle. Simulations compute the VPL under the flight scenarios of single point, approach area and terminal area with the aim of evaluating the impact of non-nominal troposphere error on GBAS integrity. The results show that, with the real-time bounding method, VPL is averagely increased by 1.55 m and the accuracy of bounding is increased by 32.52%; with fitting method, VPL is averagely increased by 1.27 m, the accuracy of bounding is increased by 44.54%, the VDB transmission data is less, and the GBAS integrity risk is decreased.
- ground-based augmentation system (GBAS) /
- integrity /
- vertical protection level (VPL) /
- non-nominal troposphere error /
- Hopfield model

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图 1 非标称对流层误差模型

Figure 1. Non-nominal troposphere error model

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图 2 非标称对流层误差与卫星仰角之间的关系

Figure 2. Relationship between non-nominal troposphere error and satellite elevation angle

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图 3 非标称对流层误差

Figure 3. Non-nominal troposphere error

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图 4 仿真区域

Figure 4. Simulation regions

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图 5 传统包络方法下VPL(GPS当前星座，GAST D)

Figure 5. VPL with traditional bounding method (current GPS constellation, GAST D)

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图 6 传统包络方法下VPL(全球BDS星座，GAST D)

Figure 6. VPL with traditional bounding method (global BDS constellation, GAST D)

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图 7 实时包络方法流程图

Figure 7. Flowchart of real-time bounding method

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图 8 实时包络方法下VPL(GPS当前星座，GAST D)

Figure 8. VPL with real-time bounding method (current GPS constellation, GAST D)

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图 9 实时包络方法下VPL(全球BDS星座，GAST D)

Figure 9. VPL with real-time bounding method(global BDS constellation, GAST D)

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图 10 非标称对流层误差的拟合结果

Figure 10. Fitting results of non-nominal troposphere error

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图 11 拟合包络方法下VPL(GPS当前星座，GAST D)

Figure 11. VPL with fitting bounding method(current GPS constellation, GAST D)

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图 12 拟合包络方法下VPL(全球BDS星座，GAST D)

Figure 12. VPL with fitting bounding method(global BDS constellation, GAST D)

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表 1 垂直告警限

Table 1. Vertical alert limit

垂直告警限	H/m
FASVAL	H≤60.96
0.095965 H+FASVAL-5.85	60.96 < H≤408.432
FASVAL+33.35	H > 408.432

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表 2 传统包络方法下保护级(PL)平均增量

Table 2. Average increase of protection level (PL) with traditional bounding method

星座	进近类型	PL平均增量/m
星座	进近类型	单点	单次进近	终端区
区域BDS	GAST C	1.91	1.67	2.26(VPL)
区域BDS	GAST D	1.79	1.73	2.17(LPL)
全球BDS	GAST C	2.08	2.50	3.00(VPL)
全球BDS	GAST D	1.09	1.72	1.80(LPL)
标准GPS	GAST C	2.01	2.47	2.87(VPL)
标准GPS	GAST D	1.51	1.86	1.95(LPL)
当前GPS	GAST C	2.18	2.43	2.96(VPL)
当前GPS	GAST D	2.09	2.52	2.94(LPL)

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表 3 实时包络方法下PL平均增量

Table 3. Average increase of PL with real-time bounding method

星座	进近类型	PL平均增量/m
星座	进近类型	单点	单次进近	终端区
区域BDS	GAST C	1.42	1.33	1.63(VPL)
区域BDS	GAST D	1.39	1.15	1.27(LPL)
全球BDS	GAST C	1.64	1.60	2.04(VPL)
全球BDS	GAST D	1.56	1.27	1.48(LPL)
标准GPS	GAST C	1.71	1.62	1.99(VPL)
标准GPS	GAST D	1.41	1.22	1.29(LPL)
当前GPS	GAST C	1.81	1.66	1.96(VPL)
当前GPS	GAST D	1.54	1.31	1.32(LPL)

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表 4 实时包络方法下包络精度平均提高量

Table 4. Average increase of bounding accuracy with real-time bounding method

星座	进近类型	包络精度平均提高量/%
星座	进近类型	单点	单次进近	终端区
区域BDS	GAST C	16.31	27.92	32.24(VPL)
区域BDS	GAST D	28.40	36.90	40.32(LPL)
全球BDS	GAST C	12.30	26.42	31.20(VPL)
全球BDS	GAST D	34.60	36.39	40.42(LPL)
标准GPS	GAST C	18.22	23.12	28.28(VPL)
标准GPS	GAST D	35.30	40.80	35.52(LPL)
当前GPS	GAST C	27.22	33.34	35.34(VPL)
当前GPS	GAST D	40.41	45.31	55.20(LPL)

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表 5 拟合包络方法下的PL平均增量

Table 5. Average increase of PL with fitting bounding method

星座	进近类型	PL平均增量/m
星座	进近类型	单点	单次进近	终端区
区域BDS	GAST C	1.03	1.19	1.33(VPL)
区域BDS	GAST D	0.85	1.07	1.14(LPL)
全球BDS	GAST C	1.20	1.37	1.64(VPL)
全球BDS	GAST D	1.07	1.26	1.28(LPL)
标准GPS	GAST C	1.32	1.51	1.79(VPL)
标准GPS	GAST D	1.01	1.09	1.21(LPL)
当前GPS	GAST C	1.36	1.61	1.67(VPL)
当前GPS	GAST D	1.01	1.12	1.34(LPL)

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表 6 拟合方法下包络精度平均提高量

Table 6. Average increase of bounding accuracy with fitting bounding method

星座	进近类型	包络精度平均提高量/%
星座	进近类型	单点	单次进近	终端区
区域BDS	GAST C	36.51	47.92	52.14(VPL)
区域BDS	GAST D	34.40	42.90	47.32(LPL)
全球BDS	GAST C	32.30	46.92	51.40(VPL)
全球BDS	GAST D	40.60	43.50	46.52(LPL)
标准GPS	GAST C	38.22	43.12	48.28(VPL)
标准GPS	GAST D	41.30	47.80	42.52(LPL)
当前GPS	GAST C	47.62	53.94	55.34(VPL)
当前GPS	GAST D	46.80	53.70	60.20(LPL)

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