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摘要:
体系（SoS）在遭受内部或外部的干扰时性能会受到影响，体系结构作为体系设计和构建的基础，其弹性不仅是反映体系性能恢复能力的一个重要指标，更是体系演化性的重要体现。提出了一种基于弹性的体系结构评价方法，对体系的组件或系统进行重要度分析（CIMs）。首先，给出了体系结构弹性的明确定义并构建了相关的数学模型，综合权衡了性能损耗与恢复时间对体系组件重要度的影响；其次，通过分析不同的干扰事件和恢复策略，构建了基于重要度分析的体系弹性优化模型，并重点分析了其对体系性能恢复的影响；最后，以某体系结构的弹性评价为例，对本文提出的模型和方法进行了验证，优化后的恢复策略使体系性能的恢复效率有显著的提高。
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关键词:
- 体系结构 /
- 网络 /
- 弹性 /
- 组件重要度分析(CIMs) /
- 恢复策略
Abstract:System-of-systems (SoS) is always under the influence of both intra and extra disruptive events. SoS architecture is the foundation of SoS design and construction, whose resilience is not only an significant indicator to reflect the ability to recover from disruptions, but also an important embodiment of evolution of SoS. Based on resilience, an effective SoS architecture evaluation method was proposed to conduct component importance measures (CIMs). In the method, the resilience of SoS architecture was defined in detail, relevant mathematical models were built, and influence of performance loss and recovery time on component importance were comprehensively weighed. Then, according to analysis of various disruptive events and recovery strategy, an optimized model for SoS resilience based on CIMs was proposed, and the optimized result of the proposed model on recovery capability of SoS was mainly analyzed. Finally, an example of evaluating resilience of SoS was introduced to validate the availability of the proposed model and method, and the final result shows that the optimized recovery strategy contributes to improving the recovery efficiency of SoS greatly.
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图 1 干扰事件发生后体系性能变化示意图
Figure 1. Schematic of SoS performance transition under occurrence of disruption event
图 3 各组件的组件重要度累积概率分布曲线
Figure 3. Cumulative probability distribution curves of component importance for each component
表 1 体系性能恢复详情(改变第1级修复顺序)
Table 1. Performance recovery details of SoS (Change the priority of repair at the first level)
编号 重要度排序/修复顺序 体系恢复效率 优化的比率/% 99 2>10>12>7>6 1.350 3 1.95 45 10>2>12>7>6 1.348 8 1.83 111 2>12>10>7>6 1.348 6 1.82 96 12>2>10>7>6 1.347 7 1.75 109 2>12>7>10>6 1.324 5 
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表 2 体系性能恢复详情(改变第2级修复顺序)
Table 2. Performance recovery details of SoS (Change the priority of repair at the second level)
编号 重要度排序/修复顺序 体系恢复效率 优化的比率/% 25 1>8>3>9>11 1.488 8 12.40 27 1>8>9>3>11 1.488 8 12.40 33 1>3>9>8>11 1.486 6 12.24 31 1>3>8>9>11 1.481 6 11.86 109 11>9>3>1>8 1.324 5
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