Experimental study on electromagnetic noise suppression of atomic spin gyroscope heating chamber
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摘要:
原子自旋陀螺仪作为目前最新一类陀螺仪，具有超高的理论精度。碱金属气室是原子自旋陀螺仪承载原子自旋的敏感表头。通过电加热使碱金属达到饱和蒸气压，但是电加热过程中会引入电磁干扰等噪声，进而影响原子自旋陀螺仪的精度和灵敏度。为减小碱金属气室加热的电磁噪声对原子自旋陀螺仪的影响，从加热器结构与加热驱动信号2个方面进行了电磁噪声抑制实验研究。设计了具有磁场噪声抑制作用的异形加热膜，使高频正弦波作为加热驱动信号，构建了碱金属气室集成化无磁电加热单元。通过实验验证，系统的等效磁场噪声优于17 fT/Hz1/2，气室内部的温度稳定度优于±0.006 ℃，为原子自旋陀螺仪的性能提升提供了可靠保障。
Abstract:Atomic spin gyroscope is the latest type of gyroscope, which has ultra-high theoretical precision. Alkali vapor cell is the sensing element of atomic spin gyroscope, which carries the atomic spin effect. Electric heating makes alkali attain saturated vapor pressure, which will introduce electromagnetic interference and other noises, thereby affecting the accuracy and sensitivity of atomic spin gyroscope. To reduce the influence of heating chamber electromagnetic noise on the atomic spin gyroscope, the electromagnetic noise suppression experiment was studied from two aspects of heater structure and heating driving signal. A special shaped heating film with magnetic noise suppression was designed. A high frequency sine wave was designed as the heating driving signal. In addition, a non-magnetic heating system of alkali vapor cell was constructed. The test results show that the equivalent magnetic noise is within 17 fT/Hz1/2, and the temperature stability of the alkali vapor cells is within ±0.006℃, which provides a reliable guarantee for the performance improvement of atomic spin gyroscope.
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图 3 双层对称结构电加热膜实物图
Figure 3. Picture of electric heating film with double-layer symmetrical structure
图 5 无磁电加热系统原理框图
Figure 5. Functional block diagram of non-magnetic electric heating system
图 6 测温数据复合数字滤波流程图
Figure 6. Flowchart of temperature measurement data composite digital filter
图 7 高频正弦波信号发生电路原理框图
Figure 7. Functional block diagram of high-frequency sine wave signal generation circuit
图 9 电加热膜磁场噪声抑制效果测试
Figure 9. Test on magnetic field noise suppression performance of electric heating film
图 10 高频正弦波和方波加热驱动信号对比
Figure 10. Comparison of heating driving signal between highfrequency sine wave and square wave
图 11 温控性能测试实验结果
Figure 11. Experimental results of temperature control performance test
表 1 Ziegler-Nichols闭环整定法参数
Table 1. Ziegler-Nichols closed loop setting method's parameters
参数 KP KI KD 取值 0.6KPcrit 2KP/Tcrit 0.12KPTcrit 
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表 2 温控性能测试结果数据分析
Table 2. Data analysis of temperature control performance test results
℃ 陀螺类型 设定值 平均值 偏差 标准差 核磁共振陀螺仪 100 99.999 887 1.130 6×10-4 0.002 3 SERF原子自旋陀螺仪 200 200.000 067 -6.666 7×10-5 0.002 5
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