Detection and identification method of electromagnetic interference elements in limited-space
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摘要:
针对射频传感器综合一体化带来的电磁兼容性接口由机箱、连接器和线缆变为背板-模块，使常规电磁干扰（EMI）检测要求和检测手段无法直接适用于模块的问题，基于电磁干扰要素理论，着重研究了综合射频机架内部微小空间内电磁干扰要素检测方法及原理，探索了综合射频机架微小空间下模块电磁发射特征信息的测试方法，研究了综合射频机架工作状态及功能线程的激励控制方法，以及综合射频机架远场电磁发射特性数据、功能模块近场电磁发射特性数据和综合射频机架接口线缆束上的电流传导发射特性数据等电磁干扰要素提取和识别方法。为验证电磁干扰要素检测与辨识方法的可行性，以某机载综合射频机架为例，开展了大量试验研究与分析，包括综合射频机架远场电磁发射特性测试、功能模块近场电磁发射特性测试、综合射频机架互连线缆束电流传导发射特性测试，并将多种工作模式下模块测试结果和综合射频机架电磁发射测试结果进行比较，验证了本文方法的可行性和准确性。
Abstract:It is an inevitable trend that more and more divided RF systems are integrated into one rack for the new generation airborne electronic equipment development. However, the "module-based" electromagne-tic compatibility requirements, evaluation methods and other new electromagnetic compatibility issues have been inevitably brought out by the RF integrated technology's change from "device-based" design to "mo-dule-based" design. According to the principals of electromagnetic interference (EMI) element, the EMI detection theory and testing techniques for emission features of RF module in limited-space of integrated racks are researched and discussed, as well as the simulating measures of RF function thread. A novel methodology is proposed for EMI detection and identification in limited-space from the far-field radiation features of integrated racks, near-field emission features of function module and the conducted current emission features of integrated racks' interfacing cables. Many experimental tests are carried out upon one real airborne RF integrated racks by the research team, including far-field radiation tests, near-field emission tests of function module as well as cable current emission tests of the RF integrated racks. This method finally realizes the electromagnetic compatibi-lity test of the function module under the integrated environment, and also is proved to be feasible and accurate.
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图 3 V/UHF通信功能线程物理逻辑组成
Figure 3. Physical logic composition of V/UHF communication functional thread
图 4 V/UHF通信功能线程激励控制方法设计
Figure 4. Incentive and control method design of V/UHF communication functional thread
图 5 微小空间内电磁干扰检测与辨识流程
Figure 5. Detection and identification procedure of EMI in limited-space
图 6 功能模块近场电磁发射特性测试方法示意图
Figure 6. Schematic of near-field electromagnetic emission test method of functional module
图 7 干扰特征提取及识别方法
Figure 7. Method of extraction and identification of interference features
图 8 综合射频机架不同工作状态下的测试结果
Figure 8. Test results of RF integrated rack under different modes
图 9 综合射频机架互连线缆束电流传导发射测试结果
Figure 9. Test results of cable current of RF integrated rack
表 1 干扰要素识别定位结果
Table 1. Results of interference element identification and positioning
电磁干扰要素 干扰要素识别定位结果 模块1 模块2 … 模块n Ffar/Efar(1) Ffar/Efar(2) Ffar/Efar(j) √ √ Ffar/Efar(m-1) √ Ffar/Efar(m) 
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表 2 综合射频机架远场电磁发射特性测试状态设置
Table 2. State setting of electromagnetic emission characteristic test of RF integrated rack in far-field
功能线程 综合射频机架工作模式/功能线程设置 静默 模式1 模式2 模式3 模式4 模式5 短波 静默 静默 静默 静默 1波道 1波道 超短波 静默 43波道 19波道 10波道 静默 静默 线程1 静默 静默 空空 静默 静默 空地 线程2 静默 A模式 静默 静默 A模式 静默 线程3 静默 入网 静默 静默 入网 静默 线程4 静默 5波道 5波道 5波道 5波道 5波道 线程5 静默 1波道 1波道 1波道 1波道 1波道 线程6 静默 开启 开启 开启 开启 开启 线程7 静默 传密 传密 传密 传密 传密
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表 4 综合射频机架电磁干扰要素测试定位结果
Table 4. Test and positioning results of electromagnetic interference elements of RF integrated rack
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