Numerical simulation of influence of temperature disturbance on oblique detonation wave structure
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摘要:
利用二维非稳态无黏可压欧拉方程模拟得到了能够稳定自持的斜爆震波（ODW）结构，在某时刻从进口边界施加一温度的瞬间变化（分别为下降100 K、上升100 K），从而得到一次温度扰动。模拟结果表明，ODW结构能够顺利过渡，但扰动传播过后，ODW的内部不稳定性被进一步被释放，胞格结构更加清晰；结合定量和定性分析发现，扰动主要以激波、膨胀波和弱压缩波3种形式在燃烧室内传播；对比2种扰动下的结果得出，3种波在爆震区内传播过程中的位置分布相同，但在爆燃区内却完全相反，造成这种结果的主要原因是2种扰动引发的弱压缩波的强度不同，从而对ODW结构调整所起到的作用也存在很大区别；在温降扰动下，3种波沿壁面向下游传播，其中激波会呈现出弓形激波、马赫反射、规则反射和近乎垂直于壁面的正激波4种形态，而在温升扰动下，3种波沿ODW面向下游传播，传播形态也较为稳定。
Abstract:2D Euler equations were used for the numerical simulation of the influence of temperature disturbance on oblique detonation waves (ODW) in an oblique detonation combustion chamber. Instantaneous variation of temperature was introduced from the inlet as the disturbance by increasing and decreasing 100 K respectively. The simulation results show that the ODW can adjust with the temperature disturbance and the transition progress is smooth enough. But the inherent instability of ODW is found to be further released by disturbance and cell structure is clearer. The existing form of disturbance was researched quantitatively and qualitatively, which is the complex of shock wave, expansion wave and weak compression wave. Comparison between the results from two kinds of disturbance was conducted, which demonstrates that the distribution of waves is basically the same in detonation zone, while reversed in deflagration zone. It is caused by the difference in the strength of weak compression wave in two cases, which effects the ODW structure enormously in consequence. Furthermore, at decreasing temperature, the complex of three kinds of wave propagates downstream along the ramp and shock wave appears in four types of form which are bow-like shock, Mach reflection, regular reflection and normal shock nearly vertical to the ramp. There is an enormous bifurcation at increasing temperature, where the waves propagate along the surface of ODW and the form of waves remains stable relatively.
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Key words:
- oblique detonation wave (ODW) /
- shock wave /
- temperature disturbance /
- openFOAM /
- numerical simulation
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图 2 t=0.09 ms时3种网格划分下温度分布云图
Figure 2. Temperature distribution contours of three kinds of mesh density at t=0.09 ms
图 3 t=0.09 ms时3种网格划分下沿斜楔面的压力分布(Ma=5.95，T=796 K，P=35.04 kPa)
Figure 3. Pressure distribution along ramp at t=0.09 ms in three kinds of mesh density (Ma=5.95, T=796 K and P=35.04 kPa)
图 4 t=0.09 ms时3种网格划分下y=4 mm上的温度和OH-质量浓度分布(Ma=5.95，T=796 K，P=35.04 kPa)
Figure 4. Distribution of temperature and OH- mass density at t=0.09 ms measured at y=4 mm in three kinds of mesh density (Ma=5.95, T=796 K and P=35.04 kPa)
图 6 温降扰动传入至ODW重新调整到稳定状态的时序图
Figure 6. Sequence charts for variation of ODW structure from introducing temperature drop disturbance to retrieving stabilization
图 7 三波点附近扰动前后的密度分布灰度图
Figure 7. Grayscale images for density nearby triple point before and after disturbance
图 9 新三波点处温度、速度和压力随时间变化曲线
Figure 9. Profiles for temperature, velocity and pressure nearby new triple point changing with time
图 10 温降扰动引起的激波、膨胀波及弱压缩波在反应区内传播的时序简图
Figure 10. Sequence sketches for propagation of shock wave, expansion waves and weak compression wave in reaction zone caused by temperature drop disturbance
图 11 ΔT=-100 K时3个区域内观测点的Ma变化
Figure 11. Variation of Ma in sampling points from three zones at ΔT=-100 K
图 12 t=0.14 ms时Ma分布云图和温升扰动引起的激波、膨胀波及弱压缩波在反应区内的分布简图
Figure 12. Distribution contours of Ma and distribution sketches for propagation of shock wave, expansion waves and weak compression wave in reaction zone at t=0.14 ms
图 13 ΔT=100 K时3个区域内观测点的Ma变化
Figure 13. Variation of Ma in sampling points from three zones at ΔT=100 K
反应 A β Ea/(kJ·mol-1) H+O2=OH+O 1.91×1014 0 16 440 H2+O=H+OH 5.08×104 2.67 6 292 H2+OH=H+H2O 2.16×108 1.51 3 430 O+H2O=OH+OH 2.97×106 2.02 13 400 H2+M=H+H+M 4.57×1019a -1.40 105 100 O+O+M=O2+M 6.17×1015a -0.50 0 H+O+M=OH+M 4.72×1018a -1.0 0 H+OH+M=H2O+M 4.50×1022b -2.0 0 H+O2+M=HO2+M 1.48×1012c 0.60 0 H+HO2=H2+O2 1.66×1013 0 820 H+HO2=OH+OH 7.08×1013 0 300 O+HO2=O2+OH 3.25×1013 0 0 OH+HO2=H2O+O2 2.89×1013 0 -500 HO2+HO2=H2O2+O2 4.20×1014 0 11 980 H2O2+M =OH+OH+M 2.95×1014a 0 48 400 H2O2+H=H2O+OH 2.41×1013 0 3 970 H2O2+H=HO2+H2 6.03×1013 0 7 950 H2O2+O=HO2+OH 9.55×106 2.0 3 970 H2O2+OH=HO2+H2O 1.00×1012 0 0 注：第3体效率:a-f H2O=12.0, f H2=2.5；b-f H2O=12.0, f H2=0.73;c-f H2O=14.0, f H2=1.3。 
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