一种高效利用天基激光能量清除空间碎片的方法

石乾乾; 张艳; 赵鹏; 王成林

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2018.0241

一种高效利用天基激光能量清除空间碎片的方法

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2018.0241

北京跟踪与通信技术研究所, 北京 100094

详细信息

作者简介:
石乾乾男, 硕士研究生。主要研究方向:强激光作用空间碎片的效应与应用

张艳女, 博士, 教授, 硕士生导师。主要研究方向:空间目标探测和识别

通讯作者:
张艳, E-mail: zhyan1227@sina.com

中图分类号: V221⁺.3;TB553
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-04-27
- 录用日期: 2018-07-13
- 网络出版日期: 2018-12-20

A method of efficiently using space-based laser energy to remove space debris

Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunications Technology, Beijing 100094, China

More Information

Corresponding author: ZHANG Yan, E-mail: zhyan1227@sina.com

摘要

摘要:
针对日益增长的空间碎片污染太空环境问题，建立了天基激光能量清除空间碎片的降轨模型。重点讨论了速度增量与空间碎片速度的夹角对近地点高度降低的影响，并考虑到天基平台与空间碎片作用距离的影响，从能量利用率的角度出发，提出了能量分配系数（CEA）的概念。基于CEA，设计出关于脉冲激光能量分配的策略，并与脉冲激光能量平均方式清除空间碎片的方式进行对比分析，说明了脉冲激光能量分配策略的有效性，提高了天基激光能量利用能力，达到了高效清除空间碎片的目的。
- 天基激光 /
- 空间碎片 /
- 降轨模型 /
- 多脉冲 /
- 清除策略
Abstract:
In view of the growing space debris pollution of space environment, the deorbit model of space-based laser removal of space debris is established. In this model, the effect of the angle between the speed increment and the space debris velocity on the height reduction of perigee is emphatically analyzed, and taking into account the influence of the distance between them, the concept of coefficient of energy assignment (CEA) is proposed from the perspective of energy utilization. According to the CEA, a pulsed laser energy assignment strategy is designed, and it can improve the energy utilization ability to remove space debris more efficiently compared with the way of average energy laser pulse cleaning space debris, illustrating the effectiveness of our removal strategy.
- space-based laser /
- space debris /
- deorbit model /
- multi-pulse /
- removal scheme

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图 1 天基激光能量清除空间碎片模型

Figure 1. Model of space debris removal by space-based laser energy

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图 2 空间碎片轨道坐标系

Figure 2. Orbital coordinate system of space debris

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图 3 椭圆轨道上空间碎片近地点高度变化趋势

Figure 3. Perigee height variation tendency of space debris on elliptical orbit

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图 4 天基激光能量清除空间碎片的仿真流程

Figure 4. Simulation flowchart of space-based laser energy removing space debris

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图 5 近地点高度随脉冲次数的变化趋势

Figure 5. Variation of perigee height with number of laser pulses

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图 6 轨道偏心率与半长轴随脉冲次数的变化趋势

Figure 6. Variation of orbital eccentricity and semi-major axis with number of laser pulses

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图 7 CEA值随脉冲次数的变化趋势

Figure 7. Variation of CEA values with number of laser pulses

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表 1 不同位置下的最佳冲量作用角和近地点最终高度

Table 1. Optimal impulse angle and final perigee height at different positions

偏近点角/(°)	最佳冲量作用角/(°)	近地点最终高度/km
0	117.1或242.1	899.6
90	165.3	894.5
180	180.0	892.1
270	194.7	894.507 3

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表 2 天基激光和空间碎片的轨道参数

Table 2. Orbital parameters of space-based laser and space debris

轨道参数	天基激光	空间碎片
近地点高度/km	900	800
远地点高度/km	900	810
轨道倾角/(°)	30	30
近地点辐角/(°)	0	0
升交点赤经/(°)	80	80

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表 3 基于CEA的脉冲激光能量分配

Table 3. Pulse laser energy assignment based on CEA

CEA值	脉冲激光能量	l_max处速度增量/(m·s^-1)
0.9~1.0	2E_single	0.4
0.5~0.9	E_single	0.2
0~0.5	0.5E_single	0.1

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