高强度弹性合金的微孔铣削实验研究

张璞; 黄传真; 朱洪涛; 王军; 姚阳; 姚鹏

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2019.0650

高强度弹性合金的微孔铣削实验研究

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2019.0650

张璞¹,
黄传真^2, ,,
朱洪涛³,
王军⁴,
姚阳¹,
姚鹏¹

1.
山东大学机械工程学院先进射流工程技术中心(CaJET), 济南 250061
2.
山东大学机械工程学院高效洁净机械制造教育部重点实验室, 济南 250061
3.
山东大学机械工程学院机械工程国家级实验教学示范中心, 济南 250061
4.
新南威尔士大学机械和制造工程学院, 悉尼 NSW 2052

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 51375276

国家自然科学基金 51675312

详细信息

作者简介:
张璞  男, 博士研究生。主要研究方向:微细切削加工技术

黄传真  男, 博士, 教授, 博士生导师。主要研究方向:高效精密加工技术、结构陶瓷材料研制及应用、新材料加工技术

朱洪涛  男, 博士, 教授, 博士生导师。主要研究方向:磨料射流精密加工及其仿真技术、微纳刻蚀加工技术、微细切削加工技术

通讯作者:
黄传真, E-mail: chuanzhenh@sdu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TG506.9
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-12-29
- 录用日期: 2020-03-13
- 网络出版日期: 2021-01-20

Experimental investigation on micro milling holes of high-strength elastic alloy

1.
Center for Advanced Jet Engineering Technologies(CaJET), School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
2.
Key Laboratory of High efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
3.
National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
4.
School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia

Funds:

National Natural Science Foundation of China 51375276

National Natural Science Foundation of China 51675312

摘要

摘要:
使用超高精度加工中心进行了多组铣削3J33B高强度弹性合金微孔的铣削实验，使用Kistler 9119AA2型高精度测力仪测量铣削力，使用Keyence 3D激光显微镜测量已加工孔的尺寸，使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和能谱仪（EDS）测量刀具磨损。实验结果表明，在不同的切削速度条件下，主铣削力的Y方向分力（Y方向力）总是大于X方向分力（X方向力）。在铣削微孔过程中，使用高切削速度进行微细铣削成孔时，已加工孔的孔口直径尺寸误差会增大，严重影响尺寸精度。刀具磨损最严重的区域在刀尖处，并且发生磨损的区域基本集中在整个切削刃的钝圆和接近钝圆的后刀面处。当在低速切削时，磨粒磨损是刀具的主要磨损形式，然而，随着切削速度的提高，氧化磨损所占比例逐渐增大。已加工表面的弹性回复加剧了后刀面磨损，并影响切削稳定性。
- 微孔铣削 /
- 高强度弹性合金 /
- 铣削力 /
- 孔口直径 /
- 刀具磨损
Abstract:
In this study, several sets of experiments were carried out to evaluate the characteristics of micro milling holes in high-strength elastic alloy 3J33B material using an ultra-precision machine tool. The milling forces were measured using a Kistler 9119AA2 dynamometer, and the sizes and surface burrs on the machined holes were measured using a Keyence 3D laser scanning microscope. Furthermore, tool wear was examined using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and an Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS). Experimental results indicate that the force in Y direction is always greater than the force in X direction regardless of the cutting speed variation. High cutting speeds or high spindle speeds may affect the machining dimensional accuracy during micro milling holes. The most serious region of tool wear is the tool tip of cutting edge in micro milling holes, and the wear is mainly concentrated on the whole cutting edge roundness and the flank which is near the cutting edge roundness. Abrasive wear is the main form of tool wear at a low cutting speed, and the effect of oxidation wear on tool wear increases with the increase in the cutting speeds. The elastic recovery of the machined surface aggravates the wear of the flank wear and affects the cutting stability.
- micro milling holes /
- high-strength elastic alloy /
- milling forces /
- orifice diameter /
- tool wear

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图 1 实验用微型铣刀的SEM图

Figure 1. SEM illustration of micro milling cutter used in this experiment

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图 2 铣孔实验装置

Figure 2. Experimental setup for milling holes

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图 3 微孔的铣削过程示意图

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of process for milling a micro hole

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图 4 工件示意图

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of workpiece

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图 5 微孔的铣削力

Figure 5. Milling forces for micro milling holes

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图 6 第5个已加工孔的孔口直径测量图

Figure 6. Schematic diagram for measurement of orifice diameter of the fifth machined hole

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图 7 已加工孔的孔口直径散点图

Figure 7. Scatter diagram for machined hole's orifice diameters

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图 8 磨损刀具的SEM图和EDS图谱

Figure 8. SEM illustration and EDS spectra of worn cutting edges

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图 9 不同切削速度下刀具的应力云图

Figure 9. Stress contours of cutting tools at different cutting speeds

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图 10 切削刃钝圆和后刀面的磨损机理示意简图

Figure 10. Schematic diagram for wear mechanism of cutting edge roundness and flank

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表 1 3J33B弹性合金的化学组成

Table 1. Chemical composition of elastic alloy 3J33B

元素	质量分数/%
C	0.008
Si	0.10
Mn	≤0.10
P	0.005
S	0.005
Ni	17.50~19.00
Co	1.50~8.50
Mo	4.60~5.20
Ti	0.35~0.50
Al	0.05~0.15
Fe	65

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表 2 3J33B弹性合金的基本力学性能

Table 2. Main mechanical properties of elastic alloy 3J33B

参数	数值
抗拉强度/MPa	≥1 800
屈服强度/MPa	≥1 720
弹性模量/GPa	188
延伸率/%	≥8
硬度/HRC	30

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表 3 铣削所用加工参数

Table 3. Cutting conditions used in milling

参数	实验号
参数	1	2	3	4	5
n/(r·min^-1)	3 000	6 000	12 000	24 000	48 000
v/(m·min^-1)	9.42	18.84	37.68	75.36	150.72
v_fp/(mm·min^-1)			12
v_fa/(mm·min^-1)			15
l_r/mm			0.01
l_a/mm			0.1

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表 4 已加工孔的孔口直径测量值

Table 4. Measured orifice diameters of machined holes

v/(m·min^-1)	孔口直径/mm
v/(m·min^-1)	No.1	No.2	No.3	No.4	No.5
9.42	1.613	1.612	1.611	1.610	1.608
18.84	1.610	1.609	1.607	1.606	1.604
37.68	1.612	1.609	1.608	1.607	1.605
75.36	1.611	1.608	1.607	1.605	1.604
150.72	1.630	1.626	1.625	1.623	1.622

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