深海采矿扬矿管的浮力提升方案分析

盖玉新; 李敏

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2020.0240

深海采矿扬矿管的浮力提升方案分析

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2020.0240

盖玉新,
李敏^,

北京航空航天大学航空科学与工程学院, 北京 100083

详细信息

通讯作者:
李敏. E-mail: limin@buaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: P741
计量
- 文章访问数: 381
- HTML全文浏览量: 68
- PDF下载量: 53
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-06-03
- 录用日期: 2020-09-25
- 网络出版日期: 2021-08-20

Buoyancy lifting scheme for marine risers in deep-sea mining system

GAI Yuxin,
LI Min^,

School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China

More Information

Corresponding author: LI Min. E-mail: limin@buaa.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
随着现代工业的消耗，有限的陆地资源已经难以支撑未来人类社会的可持续发展，因而对海洋资源的开发越来越受到重视。扬矿管作为深海采矿系统中的关键部件，连接了海面矿船和海底矿车。为避免长而柔的扬矿管道在深海作业时发生触地或打结等现象，影响作业效率，通常在管道上布置浮力块进行提升。考虑浮力提升装置布局的几个设计参数，包含总提升浮力、水平拉力、浮力段段数以及浮力段分布长度，通过有限元计算评价扬矿管的静态构型，探究几个参数对结构构型一般性的影响规律，从而提出合理的浮力分布方案。
- 深海采矿系统 /
- 扬矿管 /
- 浮力块 /
- 提升方案 /
- 有限元计算
Abstract:
With the consumption of modern industry, the limited land resources have been unable to support the sustainable development of human society in the future, so more and more attention has been paid to the exploitation of marine resources. Marine riser is a key component in deep-sea mining system, which connects mining ship on the sea surface and the mining car on the seabed. In order to avoid the long and soft lifting mine pipeline in the deep-sea operation to touch the seabed or tie up and other phenomena, which will affect the operation efficiency, buoyancy modules are usually used to lift the riser. Considering several design parameters of the buoyancy lifting modules layout, including the total lifting buoyancy, horizontal tension, number of buoyancy segments and the distribution length of buoyancy segments, the static configuration of the marine riser is evaluated by finite element method, and the general influence law of these parameters on the structure configuration is explored, so as to propose a reasonable buoyancy distribution scheme.
- deep-sea mining system /
- marine risers /
- buoyancy modules /
- lifting scheme /
- finite element method

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图 1 提升管在整体结构中的位置

Figure 1. Position of marine riser in overall structure

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图 2 海洋缆线截面结构

Figure 2. Sectional structure of ocean cable

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图 3 各浮力分布方式示意图

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of buoyancy distribution of each mode

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图 4 构型随浮力的变化

Figure 4. Configuration changes with buoyancy

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图 5 总浮力变化时结构内的应力分布

Figure 5. Stress distribution in the structure as total buoyancy changes

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图 6 不同总浮力下的结构曲率分布

Figure 6. Structure curvature distribution under different total buoyancy

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图 7 总浮力为结构重量的75%时结构构型

Figure 7. Structure configuration when total buoyancy is 75% of structure weight

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图 8 总浮力为80% G预拉力变化时结构中的应力分布

Figure 8. Stress distribution in the structure with different pre-tension when total buoyancy is 80% G

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图 9 不同浮力分布模式下的结构最终构型对比

Figure 9. Comparison of the final configuration of structure under different buoyancy distribution modes

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图 10 不同浮力分布模式下的结构曲率对比

Figure 10. Comparison of structural curvature under different buoyancy distribution modes

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图 11 不同浮力段分布长度工况下的结构构型

Figure 11. Structure configuration under different buoyancy distribution lengths

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图 12 不同浮力分布长度下的结构应力

Figure 12. Structure stress under different buoyancy distribution lengths

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图 13 不同浮力分布长度下的结构曲率分布

Figure 13. Structure curvature distribution under different buoyancy distribution lengths

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表 1 工程文件中给出的深海缆线参数

Table 1. Deep-sea cable parameters given in project documents

参数	数值
在空气中的线密度/(kg·km^-1)	1 319
在海水中的线密度/(kg·km^-1)	991
破坏强度/kN	206.0
工作载荷/kN	56.5
曲率半径限制/cm	44

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表 2 缆线待提升段的几何和材料参数

Table 2. Geometric and material parameters of cable segment to be lifted

参数	数值
管线总长度/m	500
管线截面半径/m	0.01
材料密度/(kg·m^-3)	3 156
材料弹性模量/GPa	120

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表 3 求解的各个工况参数

Table 3. Parameters of each working condition

工况编号	浮力分布方式	预拉力F/N
1	Ⅰ	1 000	75
2	Ⅰ	500	75
3	Ⅰ	250	75
4	Ⅰ	125	75
5	Ⅰ	500	80
6	Ⅰ	250	80
7	Ⅰ	125	80
8	Ⅰ	500	85
9	Ⅰ	250	85
10	Ⅰ	125	85
11	Ⅱ	500	80
12	Ⅲ	500	80
13	Ⅳ	500	80
14	Ⅴ(s=10 m)	500	80
15	Ⅴ(s=20 m)	500	80
16	Ⅴ(s=30 m)	500	80
注：Ⅰ~Ⅴ为不同的浮力分布方式，在图 3中给出。

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表 4 浮力固定为80%G时提升点的位移情况

Table 4. Displacement of lifting point when buoyancy is fixed at 80%G

工况编号	中间提升点纵向位移/m	两侧提升点纵向位移/m	纵向最大位移/m
5	-0.9	-0.81	-20.3
6	-1.19	-1.07	-30.8
7	-1.22	-1.09	-38.9

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表 5 各控制因素对结构特性的影响

Table 5. Influence of discussed parameters on structural characteristics

结构特性	右端拉力	总浮力	浮力点个数	浮力分布长度
向下最大位移	-	--	+	0
右端水平位移	--	0	-	-
结构最大应力	++	0	--	0
结构曲率	-	-	-	--
注：++代表强正相关；+代表弱正相关；--代表强负相关；-代表弱负相关；0代表其影响关系微小可忽略，或影响关系不确定。

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表 6 理想的浮力分布参数

Table 6. Ideal buoyancy distribution parameter

参数	数值
结构右端预拉力	12%G
总浮力	80%G
浮力分布段数	3或4
每段浮力段长度	2%~4%L
注：G为结构总重；L为结构总长度。

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