传感器安装对平板气动热测量精度的影响

罗凯; 汪球; 栗继伟; 李进平; 赵伟

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2020.0315

传感器安装对平板气动热测量精度的影响

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2020.0315

罗凯^{1, 2},
汪球^{1, 2, ,},
栗继伟¹,
李进平¹,
赵伟^{1, 2}

1.
中国科学院力学研究所高温气体动力学国家重点实验室, 北京 100190
2.
中国科学院大学工程科学学院, 北京 100049

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 11972331

国家自然科学基金 11672308

详细信息

通讯作者:
汪球, E-mail: wangqiu@imech.ac.cn

中图分类号: V411.3
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- PDF下载量: 61
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-07-03
- 录用日期: 2020-10-23
- 网络出版日期: 2021-09-20

Influence of sensor installation on accuracy of aerodynamic heating measurement on flat plate

LUO Kai^{1, 2},
WANG Qiu^{1, 2
, ,},
LI Jiwei¹,
LI Jinping¹,
ZHAO Wei^{1, 2}

1.
State Key Laboratory of High-Temperature Gas Dynamics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
2.
School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Funds:

National Natural Science Foundation of China 11972331

National Natural Science Foundation of China 11672308

More Information

Corresponding author: WANG Qiu, E-mail: wangqiu@imech.ac.cn

摘要

摘要:
对高超声速飞行器来说，气动热的准确预测是其合理选择防热材料及热结构设计的重要依据，但目前在激波风洞试验中气动热的高精度测量仍较为困难，热流的测量精度受到诸多非理想因素的影响，但传感器安装对热流测量精度的影响却鲜见研究。选取平板模型来研究传感器非理想安装对气动热测量精度的影响，针对不同的传感器安装偏差(凸出或凹入模型表面0.1~0.5 mm)，分析不同雷诺数下传感器安装对气动热测量精度的影响规律及机理。研究结果表明：传感器安装对气动热测量精度有较大影响，凸出安装会导致热流测量结果偏大，而凹入安装则会导致测量结果偏小，热流偏差会随着安装偏差的增大而增大，且高来流雷诺数下传感器非理想安装所引起的热流误差更大；以边界层当地厚度对凹凸程度无量纲化，非理想安装带来的测量偏差只与该无量纲参数相关。研究结果能够为气动热测量的实验方案设计及测量误差分析提供一定的理论指导。
- 平板 /
- 气动热 /
- 安装精度 /
- 雷诺数 /
- 边界层
Abstract:
Accurate measurement of aerodynamic heating is an important issue for hypersonic vehicles to choose reasonable heat resistant materials and thermal structure design. However, it is still difficult to measure the heat flux accurately in shock tunnel experiments, and any slight deviation from ideal conditions may lead to inaccuracy. In-depth investigations are needed to carry out. In this study, the flat plate model is selected to study the influence of the non-ideal sensor installation on the accuracy of heat flux measurement. The sensors examined are protruding or recessed from the model surface in the order of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm and different Reynolds numbers are considered. Related rules and mechanism of the influence of sensor installation on the accuracy of aerodynamic heating measurement are analyzed in detail. The results show that the sensor installation has great influence on the accuracy of the heat flux measurement. Protruding sensor installation results in larger deviation from actual heat transfer and recessed sensor installation results in smaller deviation compared to the results obtained with a smoothly installed sensor. The larger the protruding/recessed depth, the more severe the deviation, and this deviation will be larger under higher Reynolds number conditions. Using the non-dimensional form of protruding/recessed depth to the thickness of boundary layer, the level of deviation is only related to the non-dimensional value regardless of Reynolds number. In all, the results can provide theoretical guidance for the design and error analysis of aerodynamic heating measurement experiments.
- flat plate /
- aerodynamic heating /
- installation precision /
- Reynolds number /
- boundary layer

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图 1 计算模型示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of computing model

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图 2 计算网格

Figure 2. Computing grids

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图 3 不同网格分辨率下的壁面热流分布

Figure 3. Heat flux distribution on wall surface with different grid resolutions

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图 4 Case 2工况下q_w/q₀随凸凹距离的变化规律

Figure 4. Relationship between q_w/q₀ and recessed or protruding distance in Case 2

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图 5 Case 2工况下传感器附近的温度分布与流线图

Figure 5. Streamline and temperature distribution around sensor in Case 2

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图 6 Case 2工况下传感器安装时表面热流分布

Figure 6. Surface heat flux distribution during sensor installation in Case 2

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图 7 Case 2工况下传感器中心线处焓值分布

Figure 7. Enthalpy distribution on sensor's center line in Case 2

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图 8 凸出安装时传感器在各工况下的无量纲热流

Figure 8. Dimensionless heat flow of sensor under different working conditions during protruding installation

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图 9 凸出安装h=0.5 mm时传感器中心线焓值分布

Figure 9. Enthalpy distribution on center line of sensor at h=0.5 mm

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图 10 凸出安装h=0.5 mm时传感器附近的温度分布与流线图

Figure 10. Streamline and temperature distribution around sensor with protruding installation at h=0.5 mm

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图 11 雷诺数对q_w/q₀的影响(传感器直径为1.4 mm)

Figure 11. Influence of Reynolds number on q_w/q₀ with (sensor diameter 1.4 mm)

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图 12 Case 3工况下传感器直径对热流测量的影响

Figure 12. Effect of sensor diameter on heat flux measurement in Case 3

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表 1 不同工况下的来流参数

Table 1. Incoming flow parameters under different working conditions

工况	p_∞/Pa	T_∞/K	Re/(10⁶ m^-1)	h/mm	D/mm
Case 1	390	324	0.5		1.4
Case 2	394	221	0.9		1.4
Case 3	575	236.5	1.2	0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5	1, 1.4, 1.7, 2
Case 4	3 833.3	236.5	8		1.4
Case 5	5 750	236.5	12		1.4

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表 2 平板热流自相似解与CFD的对比

Table 2. Comparison of theoretical and simulated plate heat flux values

工况	q₀/(10⁴ W·m^-2)		偏差/%
工况	CFD	理论值	偏差/%
Case 1	2.36	2.45	3.67
Case 2	1.59	1.65	3.64
Case 3	2.04	2.09	2.39
Case 4	5.02	5.23	4.02
Case 5	6.04	6.40	5.63

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