星载GNSS海洋反射信号建模与仿真

王峰; 杨东凯; 张波; 李博闻; 张国栋

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2020.0575

星载GNSS海洋反射信号建模与仿真

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2020.0575

北京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院, 北京 100083

基金项目:

中国博士后创新人才支持计划 BX20200039

详细信息

通讯作者:
张波, E-mail: bozhang@buaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: P228.3
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- PDF下载量: 61
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-10-10
- 录用日期: 2020-11-22
- 网络出版日期: 2022-03-20

Modeling and simulation of spaceborne GNSS ocean-reflectometry

School of Electronic Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China

Funds:

China Postdoctoral Innovative Talent Support Program BX20200039

More Information

Corresponding author: ZHANG Bo, E-mail: bozhang@buaa.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
星载GNSS反射信号建模与仿真对GNSS反射信号正逆问题的研究及接收机算法和性能的评估非常重要。从几何、信号和信息的角度建立了星载GNSS反射信号分层建模方法。详细论述了星载GNSS反射信号的双基几何关系，建立了海风、涌浪和降雨驱动的线性组合海浪谱，并基于此计算了GNSS反射信号双基散射系数，基于各散射单元独立散射的假设推导了反射信号模型，通过仿真产生了星载GNSS反射信号及时延-多普勒相关功率，并与UK TDS-1卫星实测相关功率进行了对比分析。结果显示，通过先产生反射信号后处理得到的相关功率和直接端对端产生的相关功率与UK TDS-1卫星实测的相关功率的余弦相似度分别为0.97和0.94，所提架构和方法可正确对星载GNSS反射信号进行建模和仿真。同时，通过所建平台分析了涌浪和降雨形成的海浪谱对星载GNSS反射信号的影响。结果发现，涌浪主要影响低风速探测而对高风速无影响，降雨对星载GNSS反射信号无明显影响。
- 星载GNSS反射信号 /
- 双基几何关系 /
- 双基散射 /
- 建模与仿真 /
- 时延-多普勒图
Abstract:
The modeling and simulation of spaceborne GNSS reflectometry is important for the research of forward and inverse problem of GNSS reflectometry, and the evaluation of algorithm and performance in the receiver. This paper firstly develops the layered structure of modeling spaceborne GNSS reflectometry from the perspectives of geometry, signals and related power. Secondly, the bistatic geometry of spaceborne GNSS reflectometry is discussed in detail. Thirdly, the sea spectrum is developed by linearly combining wind-, swell- and rain-driven sea spectrum, and further bistatic scattering coefficient is computed. Fourthly, based on the assumption that scattered signals from each scattering unit are independent, an ocean-reflected GNSS signal model is derived. Finally, the ocean-reflected GNSS signals and delay-Doppler maps are produced by simulation, and are analytically compared to the measured correlation power from UK TDS-1. The results show the simulated delay-Doppler maps obtained through end-to-end simulating correlation power and through processing simulated GNSS signal have the cosine similarity of 0.97 and 0.94 with the measured delay-Doppler maps from UK TDS-1 respectively, so that proposed approach could be used to simulate correctly reflected GNSS signals and delay-Doppler maps through comparing the simulated delay-Doppler maps and actual ones received from UK TDS-1. In addition, the simulation analysis of the influence of swell and rain on the reflected GNSS signals shows that swell mainly impacts reflected GNSS signal for low wind speed and does not impact it for high wind speed, and rain has no significant influence on the reflected GNSS signal.
- spaceborne GNSS reflectometry /
- bistatic geometry /
- bistatic scattering /
- modeling and simulation /
- delay-Doppler map

HTML全文

图 1 星载GNSS反射信号建模总体架构

Figure 1. Architecture of modeling for spaceborne GNSS reflectometry

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图 2 星载GNSS反射信号宏观几何模型

Figure 2. Macro-geometry model of spaceborne GNSS reflectometry

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图 3 星载GNSS反射信号微观几何关系

Figure 3. Micro-geometry of spaceborne GNSS reflectometry

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图 4 GNSS反射信号的镜面反射点迭代收敛过程

Figure 4. Iterative convergence procedure of computing specular point of GNSS reflectometry

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图 5 空间域和时延-多普勒域的映射关系

Figure 5. Mapping between space domain and delay-Doppler domain

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图 6 风驱Elfouhasily、降雨及涌浪驱动的海浪谱

Figure 6. Wind-driven Elfouhasily, rain-driven and swell-driven sea spectrum

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图 7 海面散射系数随GNSS信号入射角的变化

Figure 7. Sea surface scattering coefficient changing with incidence angle of GNSS signals

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图 8 海面散射系数随海面风速和风向的变化

Figure 8. Sea surface scattering coefficient changing with sea wind speed and direction

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图 9 UK TDS-1实测数据的相关功率的分布

Figure 9. Correlation power distribution of actual data from UK TDS-1

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图 10 星载GNSS-R反射信号仿真和实测的相关功率分布

Figure 10. Simulated and actual correlation power distribution of spaceborne GNSS reflectometry

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图 11 涌浪对GNSS反射信号相关功率的影响

Figure 11. Influence of swell on correlation power of GNSS reflectometry

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表 1 星载GNSS反射信号仿真场景

Table 1. Simulation scenario of spaceborne GNSS reflectometry

参数	数值
T_ECFE/m	(-13 007 569.860 925，-8 505 257.898 300，21 510 082.301 892)
R_ECFE/m	(-3 891 459.881 292，-2 384 206.424 071，5 311 648.834 032)
v_{ECEF, t}/(m·s^-1)	(1 656.448 651，-2 184.040 116，192.192 840)
v_{ECEF, r}/(m·s^-1)	(-5 724.252 580，921.295 986，4 141.815 284)
风速/(m·s^-1)	5
天线增益/dB	12
波束宽度/(°)	38
涌浪/m	0
降雨/(mm·h^-1)	0

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