Off-axis tensile mechanical properties of 3D five-directional braided composites with void defects
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摘要:
针对孔隙缺陷对材料力学性能的重要影响，在材料细观模型中引入随机分布的孔隙缺陷，研究了含孔隙缺陷三维五向编织复合材料的偏轴拉伸力学性能。基于2种典型编织角试件，讨论了孔隙率对材料正轴力学性能的影响，通过与实验数据对比，确定了材料的孔隙率。结合周期性边界条件施加偏轴拉伸载荷，获取了不同偏轴角度下材料的应力-应变曲线，并预测了材料的强度性能。模拟了典型偏轴角度下材料的细观损伤起始、演化过程，分析了材料的失效机理，为其他复合材料结构孔隙缺陷问题及偏轴载荷问题数值分析提供了一定的参考。
Abstract:In view of the important influence of void defects on the mechanical properties of materials, the off-axis tensile mechanical properties of 3D five-directional braided composites with voids are studied by introducing randomly distributed void defects into the meso-scale model of material. For two specimens with typical braided angles, the effect of void contents on the on-axis mechanical properties was discussed and the appropriate void contents were determined by comparing with the available experimental data. Based on the periodic boundary conditions, the off-axis load was applied to obtain the stress-strain curves of the material under different off-axis angles and the strength properties were thus predicted. The meso-scale damage initiation and evolution processes of the composites under typical off-axis angles were simulated and the failure mechanism was analyzed in detail, which provides a proper reference for the numerical analysis of void defects and off-axis loading problems of other composite structures.
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Key words:
- 3D five-directional /
- braided composites /
- void defect /
- off-axial tensile /
- finite element analysis
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图 1 三维五向编织复合材料单胞结构模型
Figure 1. Unit-cell structure model of 3D five-directional braided composites
图 2 不同孔隙率试件的应力-应变曲线
Figure 2. Stress-strain curves of specimen with different void contents
图 3 不同偏轴角度下试件的应力-应变曲线
Figure 3. Stress-strain curves of specimen with different off-axis angles
图 4 0.5%孔隙率试件5DS1 45°偏轴拉伸损伤扩展过程
Figure 4. Tensile damage propagation process of specimen 5DS1 with 0.5% void content under 45° off-axial loading
图 5 1.5%孔隙率试件5DS2 45°偏轴拉伸损伤扩展过程
Figure 5. Tensile damage propagation process of specimen 5DS2 with 1.5% void content under 45° off-axial loading
表 1 试件工艺参数[18]及单胞模型结构参数
Table 1. Process parameters of specimen[18] and structure parameters of unit-cell model
试件 纤维单丝数量 试件尺寸/(mm×mm×mm) 编织角α/(°) W/mm h/mm Vf 编织纱 轴向纱 5DS1 9 000 6 000 20×4×150 20 3.052 8.415 45 5DS2 9 000 6 000 20×4×150 40 3.357 4.012 50 
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表 2 组分材料力学性能参数
Table 2. Mechanical properties of component materials
组分材料 Ef1/GPa Ef2/GPa Gf12/GPa Gf23/GPa μf12 Em/GPa μm XT/MPa XC/MPa S/MPa T300 220 13.89 9 4.8 0.2 3 000 2 070 酚醛 3.2 0.35 75 180 60
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表 3 试件5DS1拉伸强度预测值与实验结果对比
Table 3. Comparison between predicted and experimental tensile strengths of specimen 5DS1
试件 孔隙率/% 拉伸强度/MPa 预测值 实验结果 5DS1 0 681 632 0.1 647 0.5 618 1 598 1.5 576 2 549
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表 4 试件5DS2拉伸强度预测值与实验结果对比
Table 4. Comparison between predicted and experimental tensile strengths of specimen 5DS2
试件 孔隙率/% 拉伸强度/MPa 预测值 实验结果 5DS1 0 346 259 0.1 280 0.5 280 1 266 1.5 271 2 267
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表 5 试件5DS1偏轴拉伸力学性能
Table 5. Mechanical properties of specimen 5DS1 under off-axial tension
试件 偏轴角度/(°) 拉伸强度/MPa 断裂应变/% 5DS1 0 618.9 0.847 30 423.1 0.842 45 297.3 0.998 60 177.1 1.313
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表 6 试件5DS2偏轴拉伸力学性能
Table 6. Mechanical properties of specimen 5DS2 under off-axial tension
试件 偏轴角度/(°) 拉伸强度/MPa 断裂应变/% 5DS2 0 271.5 0.673 30 267.8 0.787 45 251.9 1.021 60 175.6 1.157
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