复合材料层板冰雹高速冲击损伤预测及失效分析

张超; 方鑫; 刘建春

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2020.0636

复合材料层板冰雹高速冲击损伤预测及失效分析

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2020.0636

江苏大学机械工程学院, 镇江 212013

基金项目:

江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划 KYCX20-3076

江苏省自然科学基金 BK20180855

机械结构力学及控制国家重点实验室开放课题 MCMS-E-0219Y01

详细信息

通讯作者:
张超, E-mail: zhangchao@ujs.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-11-15
- 录用日期: 2021-03-12
- 网络出版日期: 2022-04-20

Damage prediction and failure mechanism of composite laminates under high-velocity hailstone impact

School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China

Funds:

Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province KYCX20-3076

Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province BK20180855

Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures MCMS-E-0219Y01

More Information

Corresponding author: ZHANG Chao, E-mail: zhangchao@ujs.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
针对冰雹冲击对复合材料结构安全造成的潜在风险，提出了一种基于连续介质损伤力学的非线性有限元模型，研究了碳纤维复合材料层板冰雹高速冲击力学行为。综合采用拉格朗日法和光滑粒子流体动力学（SPH）法对冰雹进行建模，引入水的状态方程描述冰雹破碎后的流动特性；考虑应变率的单向复合材料本构模型，根据三维Hashin失效准则及材料刚度折减方案，进行复合材料层内损伤预测；引入界面单元结合双线性内聚力模型模拟层间分层现象；编写用户材料VUMAT子程序，实现基于ABAQUS/Explicit显式模块的数值求解。模拟了冰雹高速冲击复合材料层板的瞬态过程，分析了材料的损伤特性和失效机理。探讨了冰雹冲击速度、冲击角度对层板冲击损伤性能的影响，为复合材料结构冰雹冲击问题数值分析提供参考。
- 碳纤维复合材料 /
- 冰雹冲击 /
- 高速冲击 /
- 损伤 /
- 数值模拟
Abstract:
Aiming at the potential risk of hailstone impact on the safety of composite structures, a continuum damage mechanics based nonlinear finite element model was developed to study the mechanical behavior of carbon fiber composite laminates under high-velocity hailstone impact. The Lagrangian method and smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method were used together to model the impact of hailstone, and the equation of state of water was introduced to describe the flow characteristics of the hailstone after breaking. A rate-dependent constitutive model of unidirectional composite, as well as 3D Hashin failure criteria and material stiffness reduction rule, was applied to predict the in-plane damage in composite layers. Interface elements governed by bilinear cohesive model were employed to simulate the inter-laminar delamination phenomena induced by impact. A user material subroutine VUMAT was coded and implemented to obtain the numerical solution based on ABAQUS/Explicit solver. The transient process of composite laminates under hailstone impact was reproduced and the damage characteristics and failure mechanism were analyzed in detail. The effects of impact velocity and impact angle of hailstone on the impact properties of composite laminates are discussed, which provides proper reference for numerical investigation of hailstone impact problems in composite structures.
- carbon fiber composites /
- hailstone impact /
- high-velocity impact /
- damage /
- numerical simulation

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图 1 冰雹高速冲击复合材料层板实验装置及有限元模型

Figure 1. Experimental device and finite element model of composite laminates under high-velocity hailstone impact

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图 2 [0°/90°]_4S层板实验^[6]与模拟宏观损伤对比

Figure 2. Comparison of macroscopic damage of [0°/90°]_4S laminates between experiment^[6] and simulation

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图 3 [0°/90°]_4S层板分层情况实验^[6]与模拟对比

Figure 3. Comparison of delamination of [0°/90°]_4S laminates between experiment^[6] and simulation

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图 4 [0°/45°/90°/-45°]_2S层板分层情况实验^[6]与模拟对比

Figure 4. Comparison of delamination of [0°/45°/90°/-45°]_2S laminates between experiment^[6]and simulation

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图 5 206 m/s冰雹冲击速度下[0°/90°]_4S复合材料层板动态过程

Figure 5. Dynamic process of [0°/90°]_4S composite laminates under hailstone impact at velocity of 206 m/s

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图 6 两种典型层板分层面积随时间变化历程

Figure 6. Evolution of delamination area of two typical laminates with time

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图 7 206 m/s冰雹冲击速度下层板典型层基体拉伸损伤分布

Figure 7. Distribution of matrix tensile damage in typical layers of laminates under hailstone impact at velocity of 206 m/s

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图 8 206 m/s冰雹冲击速度下层板典型层纤维断裂损伤分布

Figure 8. Distribution of fiber breaking damage in typical layers of laminates under hailstone impact at velocity of 206 m/s

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图 9 冲击速度和冲击角度对最大冲击力的影响

Figure 9. Influence of impact velocity and impact angle on maximum impact force

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图 10 冲击速度和冲击角度对分层面积的影响

Figure 10. Influence of impact velocity and impact angle on delamination area

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表 1 材料刚度折减方案

Table 1. Material stiffness reduction scheme

失效模式	刚度折减系数
失效模式	E_f1	E_f2	G_f12	G_f23	E_m	G_m
纤维拉伸失效	0.01	0.2	0.01	1	1	1
纤维压缩失效	0.01	0.2	0.01	1	1	1
基体拉伸失效	1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.01	0.01
基体压缩失效	1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.01	0.01

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表 2 Gruneisen状态方程参数^[12]

Table 2. Parameters of Gruneisen state equation^[12]

参数	数值
C/(cm·μs^-1)	0.148
S₁	2.559
S₂	-1.98
S₃	0.228
γ₀	0.493
a	1.39
E	2.895×10^-6
V/(Pa·S)	10^-3

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表 3 冰雹基本力学性能参数^[18]

Table 3. Basic mechanical performance parameters of hailstone^[18]

参数	数值
密度/(kg·m^-3)	900
弹性模量/MPa	9 380
剪切模量/MPa	3 460
泊松比	0.33
压缩屈服强度/MPa	5.2
拉伸失效应力/MPa	0.517

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表 4 基于应变率的冰雹屈服强度^[14]

Table 4. Strain rate based yield strengths of hailstone^[14]

应变率/s^-1	屈服因子	应变率/s^-1	屈服因子
0	1	500	3.62
0.1	1.01	10³	3.84
0.5	1.5	5×10³	4.33
1	1.71	10⁴	4.55
5	2.2	5×10⁴	5.04
10	2.42	10⁵	5.25
50	2.91	5×10⁵	5.75
100	3.13	10⁶	5.96

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表 5 界面单元材料参数^[19-20]

Table 5. Material parameters of interface element^[19-20]

参数	数值
密度/(kg·m^-3)	1 440
K/(N·mm^-3)	1×10⁶
N/MPa	30
S=T/MPa	75
G_IC/(N·mm^-1)	0.3
G_ⅡC=G_ⅢC/(N·mm^-1)	0.6

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表 6 单向复合材料的材料参数^{[6, 15, 21]}

Table 6. Material parameters of unidirectional composite^{[6, 15, 21]}

参数	数值	参数	数值
E_f1/GPa	230	G₂/GPa	0.041
E_f2=E_f3/GPa	15	θ_g2/ms	12 000
G_f12=G_f13/GPa	2.35	ρ/(kg·m^-3)	1 570
G_f23/GPa	24	V_f	0.6
E_m/GPa	2.31	μ₁₂=μ₁₃	0.25
E₁/GPa	0.971	μ₂₃	0.38
θ_e1/ms	0.041	ξ	0.1
E₂/GPa	0.104	X_T/MPa	2 100
θ_e2/ms	121 000	X_C/MPa	1 050
G_m/GPa	0.857	Y_T/MPa	71
G₁/GPa	0.401	Y_C/MPa	132
θ_g1/ms	0.077	S/MPa	75

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参考文献(21)

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