Infrared radiation characteristics of carbon/glass hybrid composites under low-velocity impact
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摘要:
碳/玻混杂复合材料在工业应用中表现出巨大的应用潜力。基于红外热像法试验研究了碳/玻混杂复合材料层压板与2种非混杂材料低速冲击下的红外辐射特征。通过目视、超声C扫描和光学显微镜等方法确定冲击后层压板的损伤模式，分析热图序列的时序变化特征和温度分布特征，从而表征冲击过程中的热耗散效应。结果表明：红外热成像技术非常适合监测低速冲击下纤维增强复合材料的损伤过程，通过热图序列可以建立起监测特征与各损伤模式之间的联系；同时发现碳/玻纤维的层间混杂可有效提升碳纤维强基复合材料（CFRP）的抗分层能力，随着冲击能量增加其抗分层能力愈加明显，冲击后的碳/玻混杂复合材料兼具较大的表面损伤和较小的分层损伤，拥有较好的损伤容限。
Abstract:Carbon/glass hybrid composites have shown great potential in industrial applications. The infrared radiation characteristics of carbon/glass hybrid composite laminates and two types of non-hybrid composites under low velocity impact were studied experimentally by infrared thermography. The damage mode of the laminates was determined after impact by visual, ultrasonic C-scan and optical microscopy, and then the time series variation and temperature distribution characteristics of the thermal map sequence were analyzed to characterize the heat dissipation effect during the impact. Results show that the infrared thermography is highly suitable for monitoring the damage process of fiber reinforced composites under low velocity impact, and that the relationship between the monitoring characteristics and the damage modes can be established through the thermal map sequence. It is also found that the interlaminar hybrid of carbon glass fibers can effectively improve the anti-delamination ability of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites. With the increase of impact energy, the anti-delamination ability becomes more obvious. After impact, carbon glass hybrid composites show both larger surface damage and smaller delamination damage with better damage tolerance.
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图 2 3类层压板不同冲击能下的表面状态
Figure 2. Surface states of three laminates under different impact energies
图 3 3类层压板不同冲击能下的超声C扫描结果
Figure 3. Ultrasonic C-scan results of three laminates under different impact energies
图 5 层压板不同冲击能下的超声C扫描参数变化
Figure 5. Variation of C-scan parameters of laminates under different impact energies
图 6 层压板冲击过程被动热成像监测热图序列
Figure 6. Heat map sequence of passive thermal imaging monitoring during laminate impact
图 7 3类层压板试件表面温差随时间变化曲线
Figure 7. Surface temperature difference curves of three laminate specimens over time
图 8 3类层压板试件不同冲击能量下的最大表面温差
Figure 8. Maximum surface temperature differences of three laminate specimens under different impact energies
图 9 标记像素点表面温度随时间变化曲线及其局部变化曲线
Figure 9. Time variation curve and local variation of surface temperature of marked pixels
图 10 试件测温线及其温差曲线
Figure 10. Temperature measurement lines and temperature difference curves of specimens
表 1 两类预浸料纤维物理和力学性能参数
Table 1. Physical and mechanical properties of two prepreg fibers
纤维类型 丝直
径/μm纤维密
度/(g·cm−3)拉伸强
度/MPa拉伸模
量/GPa伸长
率/%线密
度/tex碳纤 7 1.8 4 300 240 2.1 223 玻纤 19.2 2.55 2 300 81 2.9 410 注：1tex=1g/km。 
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表 2 层压板试件结构参数
Table 2. Structural parameters of laminate specimens
试件 杂交结构 层配置 面密度/(kg·m−2) 厚度/mm 树脂 SI-C 单碳纤维 [45c/0c/−45c/90c]4S 0.59 4.8 环氧YH69 SI-G 单玻璃纤维 [45g/0g/−45g/90g]4S 0.82 4.6 环氧YH69 C-G 碳/玻纤
维混杂[45c/0g/−45c/90g]4S 0.70 4.7 环氧YH69 注：下标c为铺层角度，g为单层纤维类型。
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