微小卫星隐身构型设计及优化分析

秦远田; 孙汗青; 岳鑫

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2021.0392

微小卫星隐身构型设计及优化分析

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2021.0392

1.
南京航空航天大学航天学院, 南京 210093
2.
南京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院, 南京 210093

详细信息

通讯作者:
秦远田, E-mail: qinyt@nuaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: V423.4;TN973
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-07-13
- 录用日期: 2021-11-05
- 网络出版日期: 2021-11-30
- 整期出版日期: 2022-11-20

Stealthy configuration design and optimization analysis of microsatellite

1.
College of Astronautics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210093, China
2.
College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210093, China

More Information

Corresponding author: QIN Yuantian, E-mail: qinyt@nuaa.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
为研究天巡一号微小卫星的电磁散射特性, 建立了具有隐身外形设计的微小卫星电磁计算模型。采用物理光学法(PO)对不同状态下的雷达散射截面(RCS)进行数值计算, 并与微波暗室的试验结果对比, 验证了PO的准确性。在此基础上, 着重分析了卫星RCS入射角、极化、频率、电尺寸响应特性和全姿态角空间RCS响应特性。参考天巡一号的隐身构型设计, 将天巡一号优化为对称的尖锥构型, 通过不断增加尖锥棱边数来优化构型, 得到具有更低RCS构型的橄榄体卫星。结果表明：天巡一号的隐身姿态可有效应对单站雷达威胁, 最佳隐身姿态下的空间RCS均值低于非隐身姿态4.89 dBsm；在S波段(3 GHz)下, 橄榄体卫星RCS算术均值和RCS幅值分别低于天巡一号4.77 dBsm和31.66 dBsm；在X波段(10 GHz)下, 橄榄体卫星RCS算术均值和RCS幅值分别低于天巡一号3.65 dBsm和43.97 dBsm。
- 微小卫星 /
- 雷达散射截面 /
- 构型优化 /
- 物理光学法 /
- 隐身
Abstract:
To study the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of the TX-1 microsatellite, an electromagnetic calculation model with a stealthy shape is established. The physical optics (PO) is used to numerically calculate the radar cross section (RCS) under different conditions to verify PO accuracy through comparing with anechoic chamber experimental results. This serves as a foundation for the development of the satellite RCS incidence angle, polarization, frequency, electric size response characteristics and full attitude angle spatial RCS response characteristics. Finally, the configuration is optimized to a symmetric pointed cone configuration referring to the TX-1's stealthy design. By increasing the quantity of sharp cone edges to optimize the configuration, the olive-shaped satellite with a lower RCS configuration is obtained. The TX-1's stealthy trait can effectively dispel the monostatic radar threat. The spatial RCS average value in the best stealth attitude is 4.89 dBsm less than that in the non-stealth attitude. Under S-band (3 GHz), the RCS average value and RCS amplitude of the olive-shaped satellite are 4.77 dBsm and 31.66 dBsm lower than those of TX-1. Under X-band (10 GHz), the RCS average value and RCS amplitude of the olive-shaped satellite are 3.65 dBsm and 43.97 dBsm less than those of TX-1.
- microsatellite /
- radar cross section /
- configuration optimization /
- physical optics /
- stealth

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图 1 天巡一号的电磁计算模型

Figure 1. Electromagnetic calculation model of TX-1

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图 2 卫星电磁散射计算流程

Figure 2. Calculation process of satellite electromagnetic scattering

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图 3 数值仿真与试验结果对比

Figure 3. Comparison of numerical simulation and experimental results

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图 4 双站和单站RCS入射示意图

Figure 4. Schematic of bistatic and monostatic RCS incidence

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图 5 不同入射角下双站RCS分布特性

Figure 5. Characteristics of RCS distribution at bistatic with different incidence angles

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图 6 天巡一号RCS极化响应特性

Figure 6. RCS polarization response characteristics of TX-1

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图 7 天巡一号RCS频率响应特性

Figure 7. RCS frequency response characteristics of TX-1

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图 8 不同频率下RCS算术均值对比

Figure 8. Comparison of RCS average values at different frequencies

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图 9 天巡一号RCS电尺寸响应特性

Figure 9. RCS electric size response characteristics of TX-1

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图 10 天巡一号全姿态角空间RCS响应云图

Figure 10. TX-1 full attitude angle RCS response cloud

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图 11 天巡一号全姿态角空间RCS对比

Figure 11. TX-1 full attitude angle RCS comparison

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图 12 一种卫星构型优化方法

Figure 12. A satellite configuration optimization method

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图 13 两种卫星优化构型

Figure 13. Two satellite optimized configurations

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图 14 四种卫星构型3 GHz下RCS分布

Figure 14. RCS distribution of 4 kinds of satellite configurations at 3 GHz

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图 15 四种卫星构型10 GHz下RCS分布

Figure 15. RCS distribution of 4 kinds of satellite configurations at 10 GHz

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表 1 不同入射角下双站RCS算术均值和幅值

Table 1. Average value and amplitude of RCS at bistatic with different incidence angles

入射角/(°)	RCS算术均值/dBsm	RCS幅值/dBsm
0	7.03	11.4
30	-5.82	12.9
60	-7.84	13.9
120	-7.84	13.9
150	-5.19	13.0
180	-9.85	11.3

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表 2 四种卫星构型3 GHz下RCS算术均值和幅值对比

Table 2. Comparison of average and amplitude values of RCS for 4 kinds of satellite configuration at 3 GHz

卫星构型	RCS算术均值/dBsm	RCS幅值/dBsm
天巡一号	-18.55	20.84
构型A	-18.67	-3.66
构型B	-19.82	-2.45
橄榄体	-23.32	-10.82

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表 3 四种卫星构型10 GHz下RCS算术均值和幅值对比

Table 3. Comparison of average and amplitude values of RCS for 4 kinds of satellite configuration at 10 GHz

卫星构型	RCS算术均值/dBsm	RCS幅值/dBsm
天巡一号	-20.19	31.32
构型A	-21.05	-7.01
构型B	-22.30	-10.06
橄榄体	-23.84	-12.65

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