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飞机轮组滑水行为与道面积水附加阻力

李岳 宗辉杭 蔡靖 戴轩

李岳,宗辉杭,蔡靖,等. 飞机轮组滑水行为与道面积水附加阻力[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报,2023,49(5):1099-1107 doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2021.0402
引用本文: 李岳,宗辉杭,蔡靖,等. 飞机轮组滑水行为与道面积水附加阻力[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报,2023,49(5):1099-1107 doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2021.0402
LI Y,ZONG H H,CAI J,et al. Hydroplaning behavior of aircraft wheel group and additional resistance due to accumulated water on pavement[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2023,49(5):1099-1107 (in Chinese) doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2021.0402
Citation: LI Y,ZONG H H,CAI J,et al. Hydroplaning behavior of aircraft wheel group and additional resistance due to accumulated water on pavement[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2023,49(5):1099-1107 (in Chinese) doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2021.0402

飞机轮组滑水行为与道面积水附加阻力

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2021.0402
基金项目: 中央高校基金项目(3122019103); 天津市自然科学基金(21JCQNJC00850)
详细信息
    通讯作者:

    E-mail:caijing75@163.com

  • 中图分类号: V351.11;U8

Hydroplaning behavior of aircraft wheel group and additional resistance due to accumulated water on pavement

Funds: Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (3122019103); The Natural Science of Tianjin (21JCQNJC00850)
More Information
  • 摘要:

    针对飞机在不同滑行状态与道面积水条件下的轮组滑水行为特征差异问题,开展道面积水附加阻力研究,改进基于道面对轮胎竖向支撑力指标的临界滑水状态判定条件。以空客A320机型主起落架为研究对象,建立双轮轮组-积水道面流固耦合滑水分析模型,对道面积水附加阻力影响因素进行规律分析。结果表明:积水附加阻力在轮胎临界滑水状态达到最大,所得临界滑水速度与NASA公式计算结果相差小于5%,且在滑水过后持续影响滑行状态,较道面支撑力更适合作为滑水分析指标;飞机着陆时轮胎高速接地可发生瞬时滑水,同等参数条件下道面积水阻力始终低于起飞过程,着陆阶段临界滑水速度较起飞阶段低8.3%~10.6%,着陆阶段飞机滑水风险更高,符合事故统计规律;轮辙变形改变道面积水条件并引起轮组内部滑水过程时空差异;仅对平整道面理想积水情况,道面积水阻力轮组系数可近似按轮胎数量计算,有轮辙道面条件下双轮轮组系数中位数低于2.0,造成着陆减速滑行过程延长。

     

  • 图 1  飞机轮胎溅水喷流试验

    Figure 1.  Water spread test of aircraft tire

    图 2  滑水速度影响因子变化曲线

    Figure 2.  Variation curve of impact factor of taxing speed

    图 3  机轮模型生成过程

    Figure 3.  Generation process of aircraft tire model

    图 4  道面模型断面特征

    Figure 4.  Cross-sectional feature of pavement model

    图 5  飞机轮组滑水仿真模型

    Figure 5.  Simulation model of hydroplaning analysis of aircraft landing gears

    图 6  轮胎模型滑水特性验证

    Figure 6.  Verification of hydroplaning feature of tire model

    图 7  着陆滑行过程道面积水分布

    Figure 7.  Distribution of accumulated water on pavement surface during landing

    图 8  不同滑行状态下道面积水阻力

    Figure 8.  Drag force of accumulated water on pavement surface under different taxing conditions

    图 9  轮胎前缘动水压强分布

    Figure 9.  Distribution of hydrodynamic pressure at tire frontier

    图 10  不同加载荷位时道面积水阻力

    Figure 10.  Drag force of accumulated water on pavement surface at different loading positions

    图 11  轮组系数随滑行速度的变化曲线

    Figure 11.  Variation cures of wheel configuration coefficient versus taxing speed

    表  1  轮胎材料物理力学参数[19]

    Table  1.   Mechanical parameters of tire material[19]

    指标数值
    橡胶正定常数C10$9.9 \times {10^6}$
    橡胶正定常数C01$8.8 \times {10^6}$
    橡胶不可压缩系数D1$1.0 \times {10^{ - 7}}$
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  不同加载荷位临界滑水速度比较

    Table  2.   Comparison of hydroplaning speed at different loading positions

    测点左轮vP/
    (km·h−1
    右轮vP/
    (km·h−1
    左右轮
    相差/%
    与平整道面相差
    (较低一侧)/%
    平整道面229.7229.70.00.0
    A1加载荷位210.7203.63.512.8
    A2加载荷位206.8218.55.710.0
    A3加载荷位216.4214.11.16.8
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2021-07-19
  • 录用日期:  2021-09-13
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-10-11
  • 整期出版日期:  2023-05-31

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