锂离子电池容量衰退机理与影响因素

闫啸宇; 周思达; 卢宇; 周新岸; 陈飞; 杨世春; 华旸; 徐凯

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2021.0458

锂离子电池容量衰退机理与影响因素

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2021.0458

闫啸宇¹,
周思达²,
卢宇²,
周新岸²,
陈飞²,
杨世春^2, ,,
华旸³,
徐凯⁴

1.
北京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院，北京 100191
2.
北京航空航天大学交通科学与工程学院，北京 100191
3.
国家新能源汽车技术创新中心，北京 102602
4.
比亚迪股份有限公司，深圳 518000

基金项目: 广东省重点领域研发计划(2020B0909030002)

详细信息

通讯作者:
E-mail：yangshichun@buaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: U469
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-08-11
- 录用日期: 2021-09-26
- 网络出版日期: 2022-03-03
- 整期出版日期: 2023-06-30

Degradation mechanism and influencing factors on lithium-ion batteries

1.
School of Electronic Information Engineering，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China
2.
School of Transportation Science and Engineering，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China
3.
National New Energy Vehicle Technology Innovation Center，Beijing 102602，China
4.
BYD Co.，Ltd，Shenzhen 518000，China

Funds: Key R&D Projects in Guangdong Province (2020B0909030002)

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail：yangshichun@buaa.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
发展电动汽车是中国迈向汽车强国的重要发展战略。锂离子电池是电动汽车的重要储能元件，然而其寿命异常衰退、健康状态表征难等问题严重制约了产业快速健康发展。锂离子电池性能微观模糊性、演化复杂性、实际多变性造成其状态和性能估计表征难，容量衰退估计偏差大。因此，亟需深入挖掘内部容量衰退机理、建立数学模型实现微观反应过程量化评价。从锂离子电池容量衰退机理研究出发，系统性分析正负极材料、电解液、集流体等电池基础材料在电池老化过程中的失效机理，结合实际锂离子电池运行工况阐明锂离子电池老化影响因素，分析充放电倍率、温度、循环区间3种因素对容量衰退影响；归纳总结了现有的3类锂离子电池容量衰退数学模型，为锂离子电池精细化建模、电池健康管理方法设计提供了参考。
- 电动汽车 /
- 锂离子电池 /
- 容量衰退 /
- 老化模型 /
- 老化因素
Abstract:
As the development of new energy vehicles has been considered an important strategy for China on becoming an automobile power, electric vehicles, and power batteries have been broadly researched. However, the difficulty in evaluating battery lifespan and health state limits the further application for lithium batteries. In this article, the systematical analysis of the aging mechanism of the battery with the consideration of positive or negative materials, electrolytes, and current collectors is carried out. And to examine the impact of charge and discharge ratio, temperature, and cycle interval, a variety of influencing factors, such as extreme working conditions, elaborate factors of power battery aging, are compiled. Moreover, the article reviews the current mathematical models of battery capacity mechanism, and provides the reference for the construction of the digital twin model, delivering the potential theoretical basis for the design of the vehicle battery health management system.
- electric vehicle /
- lithium-ion battery /
- capacity decline /
- aging model /
- aging factors

HTML全文

图 1 锂离子电池老化综合机理分析^[3]

Figure 1. Comprehensive analysis of aging mechanism of lithium-ion batteries^[3]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 负极析锂导致的活性锂离子损失

Figure 2. Loss of active lithium ions due to lithium precipitation in negative electrode

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 锂枝晶生长导致活性锂离子损失

Figure 3. Lithium dendrite growth leads to loss of active lithium ions

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 锂沉积导致活性锂离子损失

Figure 4. Loss of active lithium ions due to lithium deposition

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 正极材料损失示意图

Figure 5. Diagram of positive material loss

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 锂枝晶生长与电解液分解导致的容量衰退示意图

Figure 6. Schematic diagram of capacity loss due to lithium dendrite growth and electrolyte decomposition

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 电解液分解导致容量衰退

Figure 7. Loss of capacity due to electrolyte decomposition

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 部分因素对电池老化影响^[46]

Figure 8. Effect of some factors on battery ageing^[46]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 部分电池老化模型

Table 1. Partial battery ageing model

发表年份	作者	研究内容
2021	Šeruga 等^[59]	构建电池损伤因子，实现基于特征与经验公式耦合电池容量预测
2021	Li等^[60]	构建电池老化衰退经验模型，结合粒子群优化算法完成模型辨识，并应用模型实现快充策略设计
2020	Pan等^[61]	构建基于IC曲线特征峰的容量衰退预测模型
2020	Lucu等^[62]	构建多倍率、宽温域下动力电老化数据库，为基于数据与经验模型的老化研究提供参考
2019	Lu等^[63]	通过分数阶模型描述锂离子电池动态特性，并实现不同老化深度条件下的分数阶辨识

下载: 导出CSV

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