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摘要:
为保证乘客舒适环境与电子设备等正常工作，采用计算流体力学（CFD）方法，对民用飞机座舱内流场进行模拟，通过改变回风和新风温度、巡航高度及回风比，得到不同工况下舱内CO2体积分数、温度场及速度场分布，并与已有数据对比，验证了计算模型的正确性。研究结果显示：地面标准天及巡航状态舱内流场基本符合要求，冬天供风50 ℃及回风比0.5时，舱内部分区域温度较高，且CO2体积分数升高并接近标准值，可根据实际需要确定环控系统方案。
Abstract:The interior of civil aircraft cockpit is relatively closed, the air circulation is not smooth, the personnel density is large, and there are organic heat sources such as personnel and electronic equipment. It is essential to have a firm grasp of the flight envelope’s CO2 concentration, temperature distribution, and air velocity in order to certify civil aircraft as airworthy. The research introduced in this paper uses the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method to simulate the flow field in the civil aircraft cockpit. The distribution of CO2 concentration, temperature field, and velocity field in the cockpit under various operating conditions is determined by varying the return air and fresh air temperatures, cruise altitude, and return air ratio. Compared with the existing literature data, the correctness of the calculation model is verified. The research results show that the flow field in the cabin in the ground standard day and cruise state basically meets the requirements. When the air supply is 50 ℃ and the return air ratio is 0.5 in winter, the temperature in some areas of the cabin is higher, and the CO2 concentration increases and approaches the standard value. The environmental control system scheme can be determined according to the actual needs.
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图 9 近壁侧人体中心CO2对比（地面）
Figure 9. Comparison of carbon dioxide in center of human body near the wall side (ground)
图 10 过道侧人体中心温度场对比（地面）
Figure 10. Comparison of temperature field of human body center at aisle side (ground)
图 11 回风口切面速度场对比（地面）
Figure 11. Comparison of sectional velocity field of return air outlet (ground)
图 12 供风10 ℃时巡航高度人体中心CO2分布（283 K）
Figure 12. Distribution of CO2 in center of human body at cruise altitude at 10 ℃ of air supply
图 13 供风30 ℃时巡航高度人体中心CO2分布（303 K）
Figure 13. Distribution of CO2 in center of human body at cruise altitude at 30 ℃ of air supply
图 14 有回风时人体中心CO2分布对比（巡航）
Figure 14. Comparison of CO2 distribution in human body center with return air (Cruise)
图 15 有回风时人体中心速度场对比（巡航）
Figure 15. Comparison of velocity field of human body center with return air (Cruise)
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