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摘要:
载荷校准试验是飞机飞行载荷测量的关键环节，载荷的施加与翼面真实受载一致或接近，直接决定载荷测量的精度。针对载荷校准试验时载荷量级受局部强度限制难以提高、不能同时实现拉压双向加载、扭矩载荷测量精度不高等问题，开展载荷校准试验区域加载技术研究，通过试验件设计和黏接工艺研究、地面验证试验、机上验证试验等，在飞机载荷校准试验中实现双向同时加载，校准载荷量级大幅提高,并在某型支线飞机载荷校准试验中进行了应用研究，取得了良好的试验结果。
Abstract:The consistency of the applied load with or proximity to the actual load on the wing directly affects the load measurement’s accuracy. Due to local strength restrictions, it is challenging to increase the load level during the load calibration test. Additionally, two-way loading cannot be accomplished at the same time, and the accuracy of the torque load measurement is low.This paper carried out the research on the zone loading technology of the load calibration test. Through test parts design and bonding process research, ground verification test, on-board verification test, etc., for the first time, two-way simultaneous loading was realized in the aircraft load calibration test, and the calibration load level was greatly increased. Applied research has been carried out in the calibration test of a certain type of regional aircraft, and good test results have been obtained.
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Key words:
- flight test /
- flight loads /
- load calibration test /
- zone loading /
- load measurement
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图 7 多通道拉压双向区域加载试验
Figure 7. Multi-channel tension and compression bidirectional zone loading test
图 8 弯矩、剪力载荷模型对拉压双向加载的检验误差
Figure 8. Test errors of bending moment and shear load model for tension and compression bidirectional load
表 1 黏接性能试验载荷工况
Table 1. Adhesive performance test load conditions
序号 载荷工况 载荷量级/kN 要求 GK1 拉向 5.3 分10级加载，重复10次 GK2 压向 −21.2 分10级加载，重复10次 GK3 拉压交变 −21.2～5.3 分10级加载，重复30次 GK4 带10°偏度加载 −21.2～5.3 分10级加载，重复5次 GK5 带15°偏度加载 −21.2～5.3 分10级加载，重复5次 
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表 2 区域加载垫板验证试验载荷工况
Table 2. Zone loading pads verification test load conditions
序号 载荷工况 载荷量级/kN 要求 ZGK1 拉压交变1 −45.12~11.28 分10级加载，重复10次 ZGK2 拉压交变2 −56.4~14.1 分10级加载，重复10次 ZGK3 拉压交变3 −84.6~21.15 分10级加载，重复10次 ZGK4 带偏度10°拉压交变 −84.6~21.15 分10级加载，重复5次 ZGK5 带偏度15°拉压交变 −84.6~21.15 分10级加载，重复5次
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