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摘要:
先进航空发动机燃烧室设计要求对湍流火焰精确控制，现有模拟方法需提高精度和效率。输运概率密度函数（TPDF）湍流燃烧模型精度高，代数二阶矩（ASOM）湍流燃烧模型计算成本低，类比离散涡模拟思想，基于
Da 数将湍流燃烧场区分“高精度”和“低成本”2个区域，在输运方程框架下采用随机场TPDF（高精度）和ASOM（低成本）方法重构TPDF-ASOM复合湍流燃烧模型，以提高模拟的整体精度和效率。在大涡模拟（LES）-TPDF程序平台创建ASOM并进一步实现TPDF-ASOM复合湍流燃烧模型，用Flame D实验数据检验所建模型和方法。结果表明：所建模型的预测结果与实验值接近，而且能够兼顾精度和计算效率。-
关键词:
- 复合湍流燃烧模型 /
- 随机场输运概率密度函数-方程湍流燃烧模型 /
- 代数二阶矩湍流燃烧模型 /
- Da数 /
- Flame D
Abstract:Advanced aero-engine combustor designs require precise control of turbulent flames, and existing simulation methods need to improve accuracy and efficiency. The probability density function transport equation (TPDF) turbulent combustion model possesses high accuracy and the algebraic second-order moment (ASOM) turbulent combustion model low simulation cost. This study uses the
Da number to categorize the turbulent combustion field into “high accuracy” and “low cost” categories, which is similar to the concept of detached eddy simulation (DES). To increase overall accuracy and simulation effectiveness, the TPDF-ASOM composite turbulent combustion model (TAM) was built using the random field TPDF (high accuracy) and ASOM (low simulation cost). This paper created the ASOM model on the large eddy simulation (LES)-TPDF program platform, and further realized the TPDF-ASOM composite turbulent combustion model,which is tested by the Flame D experimental data. The results show that the prediction results of the new model match the experimental values and reconcile the accuracy and simulation efficiency. -
图 2 ASOM JL1机理瞬态结构剖面图
Figure 2. Transient structural cross-section by single-step mechanism of ASOM
图 3 ASOM JL1机理各轴向位置温度时均/均方根对比
Figure 3. Comparison of time-average/RMS temperature graphs at each axial position by single-step mechanism of ASOM
图 4 ASOM JL1机理各轴向位置甲烷质量分数时均/均方根对比
Figure 4. Comparison of time-average/RMS methane mass fraction at each axial position by single-step mechanism of ASOM
图 5 ASOM JL1机理各轴向位置混合物分数时均/均方根对比
Figure 5. Comparison of time-average/RMS mixture fraction at each axial position by single-step mechanism of ASOM
图 6 ASOM JL4与JL1机理瞬时温度结构剖面
Figure 6. Cross-sectional view of the transient temperature structure by four -step and single -step mechanism of ASOM
图 7 ASOM JL1与JL4机理温度时均/均方根结果对比
Figure 7. Comparison of time-average/RMS temperature by single-step and four-step mechanism of ASOM
图 8 ASOM JL1与JL4机理甲烷质量分数时均/均方根结果对比
Figure 8. Comparison of time-average/RMS methane mass fraction by single-step and four-step mechanism of ASOM
图 9 JL1机理ASOM与LFR模型温度与甲烷质量分数轴向分布
Figure 9. Axial distribution of mean and RMS temperature and methane mass fraction between single-step mechanism ASOM and LFR model
图 10 JL1机理代数ASOM与LFR模型温度径向分布对比
Figure 10. Comparison of temperature radial distribution between single-step mechanism ASOM and LFR model
图 11 JL4机理ASOM与LFR模型温度与甲烷质量分数轴向分布
Figure 11. Axial distribution of temperature and methane mass fraction between four-step mechanism ASOM and LFR model
图 12 Da数为0.09和0.03时判据空间和中心截面分布
Figure 12. Space and central cross-section distribution diagram for Da number of 0.09 and 0.03 criterion
图 13 JL1机理TPDF-ASOM湍流燃烧模型瞬态温度结构剖面
Figure 13. Transient structural temperature figures by single-step mechanism of TPDF-ASOM turbulent combustion model
图 14 JL1机理TPDF-ASOM湍流燃烧模拟Coup03和Coup09算例温度的时均/均方根径向分布
Figure 14. Radial distribution of time-average/RMS temperature value of Coup03 and Coup09 simulated by single-step mechanism of TPDF-ASOM turbulent combustion model
图 15 JL1机理TPDF-ASOM湍流燃烧模拟Coup03和Coup09算例混合物分数的时均值径向分布
Figure 15. Time-averaged radial distribution of mixture fraction of Coup03 and Coup09 simulated by single-step mechanism of TPDF-ASOM turbulent combustion model
图 16 JL1机理TPDF-ASOM湍流燃烧模拟Coup03和Coup09算例轴向速度的时均值径向分布
Figure 16. Time-averaged radial distribution of axial velocity of Coup03 and Coup09 simulated by single-step mechanism of TPDF-ASOM turbulent combustion model
图 17 JL1机理三种燃烧模型温度时均/均方根的径向分布
Figure 17. Radial distribution of temperature time-average/RMS values of three combustion models by single-step mechanism
图 18 JL1机理3种燃烧模型温度与甲烷质量分数时均/均方根的轴向分布
Figure 18. Axial distributions of temperature and methane mass fraction time-average/RMS values for three combustion models by single-step mechanism
图 19 JL4机理TPDF-ASOM湍流燃烧模拟瞬态结构温度剖面
Figure 19. Transient structural temperature figures of JL4 mechanism simultaneous contour by TPDF-ASOM
图 20 JL4机理TPDF-ASOM湍流燃烧模拟Coup09算例温度时均/均方根的径向分布
Figure 20. Radial distribution of time-average/RMS temperature of JL4 Coup09 TPDF-ASOM simulation
图 21 JL4机理TPDF-ASOM湍流燃烧模拟Coup03算例温度时均/均方根的径向分布
Figure 21. Radial distribution of time-average/RMS temperature of JL4 Coup03 TPDF-ASOM simulation
图 22 JL4机理TPDF模型温度时均/均方根的径向分布
Figure 22. Radial distribution of time-average/RMS temperature of JL4 TPDF simulation
图 23 JL4机理TPDF模型瞬时温度的中心剖面
Figure 23. Transient structural temperature of TPDF model of JL4 mechanism at center section
图 24 3种燃烧模型计算效率对比(模拟时间为3 ms)
Figure 24. Comparison of calculation efficiency of three combustion models (simulation time is 3 ms)
表 1 Flame D火焰边界条件设置
Table 1. Flame D boundary condition settings
边界 边界条件 燃料进口 温度T=293 K，速度U=49.6 m/s 体积分数：甲烷25%，空气75% 值班火焰 温度T=1880 K，速度U=11.4 m/s 已燃气 伴流进口 温度T=293 K，速度U=0.9 m/s 空气 出口边界 压力出口边界 其他边界 绝热固壁无滑移边界 
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表 2 甲烷JL4机理反应动力学参数
Table 2. Reaction kinetic parameters of CH4 by Xfour-step mechanism
计算式 反应级数 $ A $/(cm3·mol−1·s−1) $ \beta $ $E$/J·mol−1) 式 (16) $\left[\mathrm{CH}_{4}\right]^{0.5}\left[\mathrm{O}_{2}\right]^{1.25}$ $ 7.82 \times 10^{18} $ 0 126 000 式 (17) $ \left[\mathrm{CH}_{4}\right]\left[\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right] $ $ 0.30 \times 10^{11} $ 0 126 000 式 (18) $\left[\mathrm{H}_{2}\right]^{0.5}\left[\mathrm{O}_{2}\right]^{2.25 }\left[\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}\right]^{-1}$ $4.45 \times 10^{18}$ −1 167 000 式 (19) $ [\mathrm{CO}]\left[\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right] $ $ 2.75 \times 10^{12} $ 0 83 700
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