离心雾化过程中转盘的耦合传热数值研究

彭磊; 李龙; 赵伟

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2022.0152

离心雾化过程中转盘的耦合传热数值研究

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2022.0152

彭磊^{1, 2},
李龙^{1, 2, ,},
赵伟^{1, 2}

1.
中国科学院力学研究所高温气体动力学国家重点实验室，北京 100190
2.
中国科学院大学工程科学学院，北京 100049

基金项目: 中国科学院力学研究所高温气体动力学国家重点实验室青年基金(QN20210004)

详细信息

通讯作者:
E-mail：lilong@imech.ac.cn

中图分类号: TF123
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-03-15
- 录用日期: 2022-05-26
- 网络出版日期: 2022-06-23
- 整期出版日期: 2023-12-29

Numerical study on coupled heat transfer of rotating disc in centrifugal atomization

PENG Lei^{1, 2},
LI Long^{1, 2
, ,},
ZHAO Wei^{1, 2}

1.
State Key Laboratory of High Temperature Gas Dynamics，Institute of Mechanics，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100190，China
2.
School of Engineering Science，University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100049，China

Funds: Youth Fund of State Key Laboratory of High Temperature Gas Dynamics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (QN20210004)

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail：lilong@imech.ac.cn

摘要

摘要:
转盘离心雾化是一种制备球形金属粉末的重要方法，在高熔点金属粉末制备中，需要对转盘结构本身和下端的驱动电机进行热防护。采用数值模拟的方法，研究熔融铝液的转盘离心雾化流场模型的耦合传热问题，给出不同材料、不同转盘结构条件下的转盘温度场分布。为提高冷却效率，发展带有肋片的新型转盘热防护结构，分析肋片结构的散热机理，对比不同肋片位置、肋片厚度和肋片直径的热防护效果。研究结果表明：大热容和低导热系数的金属材料转盘的底端温度更低；肋片和转盘之间形成的环形氮气流场是提高转轴散热能力的主要原因；肋片位置越低，直径越大，厚度越厚，转轴底端温度越低，冷却效果越好。
- 转盘离心雾化 /
- 流固热耦合 /
- 热防护 /
- 数值模拟 /
- 肋片
Abstract:
Rotating disk atomization is an important method to prepare spherical metal powder. In the preparation of high-melting-point metal powders, by this method, thermal protection is required for both the turntable structure itself and the lower-end driving motor. The coupled heat transfer problem of centrifugal atomization flow field model of molten aluminum was analyzed by numerical simulation, and the temperature field distribution of disk under different materials and disk structures was given. To improve the cooling efficiency, a new type of rotary disk thermal protection structure with fins was developed. The heat dissipation mechanism of the fin structure was analyzed, and the thermal protection effects of different fin positions, fin thickness and fin diameter were compared. The results revealed that the metal rotating shaft with larger specific heat capacity and lower thermal conductivity has lower temperature at its bottom. Moreover, the annular nitrogen flow field formed between the fin and the rotary disk is the main reason to improve the heat dissipation capacity of the rotating shaft. Finally, the lower position the fins, the larger diameter, and the thicker the thickness , the lower the temperature at the bottom of the shaft, resulting in a better cooling effect.
- rotating disk atomization /
- fluid-heat-solid coupling /
- thermal protection /
- numerical simulation /
- fin

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图 1 转盘离心雾化流场传热过程示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of heat transfer process in rotating disk atomization

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图 2 带有肋片结构的转盘

Figure 2. Rotary disk with fin

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图 3 数值模拟流程

Figure 3. Flow chart of numerical simulation

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图 4 计算模型

Figure 4. Calculation model

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图 5 网格划分

Figure 5. Mesh generation

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图 6 空气射流冷却几何模型

Figure 6. Geometric model of air jet cooling

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图 7 空气射流冷却网格划分

Figure 7. Mesh generation of air jet cooling

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图 8 x方向的局部Nu分布

Figure 8. Local Nu distribution in x direction

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图 9 不同网格数量转轴中心线温度分布

Figure 9. Temperature distribution of rotating axis centerline with different grids number

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图 10 不同金属材料转盘温度分布

Figure 10. Temperature distribution of disk made of different metal materials

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图 11 不同金属材料转盘截面温度分布

Figure 11. Temperature distribution of turntable sections of different metal materials

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图 12 有肋片的转盘计算模型及网格截面

Figure 12. Calculation model and mesh section of rotary disk with fin

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图 13 转盘上表面温度随径向分布

Figure 13. Radial distribution of temperature on upper surface of rotary disk

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图 14 不同肋片位置高度下转轴温度分布

Figure 14. Temperature distribution of rotating shaft with different fin height positions

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图 15 有无肋片条件下流场对比

Figure 15. Flow field comparison with or without fin

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图 16 不同肋片直径下转轴温度分布

Figure 16. Temperature distribution of rotating shaft with different fin diameters

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图 17 不同肋片直径下流场对比

Figure 17. Flow field comparison under different fin diameters

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图 18 不同肋片厚度下转轴温度分布

Figure 18. Temperature distribution of rotating shaft with different fin thickness

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图 19 不同肋片厚度大小下流场对比

Figure 19. Flow field comparison under different fin thickness

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表 1 熔态铝热物性参数^[16]

Table 1. Thermophysical parameters of molten aluminum^[16]

密度/(kg·m⁻³)	比热容/(J·(kg·K)⁻¹)	导热系数/(W·(m·K)⁻¹)	黏性系数/(Pa·s)	标准状态焓值/(kJ·mol⁻¹)	表面张力/(N·m⁻¹)
（933$\leqslant $T$\leqslant $1190）	（933$\leqslant $T$\leqslant $2327）	(933$\leqslant $T$\leqslant $2700)	(933$\leqslant $T$\leqslant $1270)	8.66	(933$\leqslant $T$\leqslant $1270)
2667.5−0.311T	1176.8	48.226+0.057T−1.21×10⁻⁵T²	1.852×10⁻⁴exp(1850.1/T)	8.66	1.18−2.4×10⁻⁴T

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表 2 304不锈钢热物性参数^[17]

Table 2. Thermophysical parameters of 304 steel^[17]

温度/℃	比热容/(J·(kg·K)⁻¹)	导热系数/(W·(m·K)⁻¹)
25	480	14.8
100	500	15.8
200	530	17.7
300	540	18.8
400	560	20.7
500	570	21.4
600	595	23.5
700	600	24.5
800	620	25.8
900	630	27.5

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表 3 镍热物理参数^[17]

Table 3. Thermophysical parameters of nickel^[17]

温度/℃	导热系数/(W·(m·K)⁻¹)	比热容/(J·(kg·K)⁻¹)
25	426	90
100	480	87
200	547	76
300	700	64
400	536	60
500	535	62
600	540	65
700	557	67
800	574	71
900	590	72.7

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表 4 高铬铸铁热物理参数^[18]

Table 4. Thermophysical parameters of high chromium cast iron^[18]

温度/℃	比热容/(J·(kg·K)⁻¹)	导热系数/(W·(m·K)⁻¹)
20	465	54
100	478	50.34
200	519	46.68
300	528	43.02
400	541	39.36
500	558	35.73
600	583	32.04
700	621	29.86

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表 5 因素水平确定表

Table 5. Factors to determine level

水平	肋片位置高度/mm	肋片厚度/mm	肋片直径/mm
1	9	1	20
2	14	1.5	30
3	19	2	40

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表 6 9种肋片参数搭配下的转轴底端温度

Table 6. Temperature at the bottom of the shaft under 9 different fin parameter combinations

序号	肋片位置高度/ mm	肋片厚度/ mm	肋片直径/ mm	转轴底端温度/ ℃
1	9	1	20	444.77
2	9	1.5	30	373.74
3	9	2	40	315.63
4	14	1	30	445.02
5	14	1.5	40	387.81
6	14	2	20	499.44
7	19	1	40	510.28
8	19	1.5	20	560.74
9	19	2	30	516.49

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表 7 以转轴底端温度为指标的极差分析

Table 7. Range analysis based on temperature at the bottom of rotating shaft

因素	K_mn			k_mn			R_n
因素	水平1	水平2	水平3	水平1	水平2	水平3	R_n
1	1134.14	1332.27	1587.51	378.05	444.09	529.17	151.12
2	1400.07	1331.56	1322.29	466.69	440.76	443.85	25.93
3	1504.95	1213.72	1335.25	501.65	445.08	404.57	97.08

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