基于电磁超声横波的管道剩余厚度检测

徐立军; 刘福禄; 丁一清; 李正勇; 谢跃东

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2022.0301

基于电磁超声横波的管道剩余厚度检测

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2022.0301

1.
北京航空航天大学仪器科学与光电工程学院, 北京 100083
2.
北京航空航天大学沈元学院, 北京 100083
3.
上海航天动力技术研究所, 上海 200000

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 61901022

上海航天科技创新基金 118SAST2021117001

中央高校基本科研业务费 YWF-19-BJ-J-358

详细信息

通讯作者:
谢跃东，E-mail: yuedongxie@buaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB51⁺7
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-04-29
- 录用日期: 2022-05-18
- 网络出版日期: 2022-06-07

Residual thickness detection of pipeline based on electromagnetic ultrasonic shear wave

1.
School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
2.
Shenyuan Honors College, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
3.
Shanghai Institute of Aerospace Power Technology, Shanghai 200000, China

Funds:

National Natural Science Foundation of China 61901022

Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology Funds 118SAST2021117001

The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities YWF-19-BJ-J-358

More Information

Corresponding author: XIE Yuedong, E-mail: yuedongxie@buaa.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
为实现管道剩余厚度的精确检测，设计了一种基于电磁超声横波的非接触式管道厚度检测系统。采用自研的电磁超声大功率激励源与换能器产生测厚横波，并由接收器对回波电压信号进行实时滤波和处理，得到铝制管道的精确剩余厚度。针对电磁超声回波的小信号和低信噪比对激励线圈参数进行优化，在此基础上对横波声束在圆形管道界面辐射特性进行分析。根据换能器线圈匝数、线圈宽度分别为回波信号峰峰值和信噪比的最大影响因子，设计优化后检测换能器并实现了误差小于0.2%的剩余厚度检测。
- 管道剩余厚度 /
- 电磁超声换能器 /
- 换能器 /
- 声束辐射 /
- 横波
Abstract:
To accurately detect the residual thickness of pipeline, a non-contact pipeline thickness detection system based on the electromagnetic ultrasonic shear wave was designed. The system adopts a self-developed electromagnetic ultrasonic high-power excitation source and a transducer to generate shear wave, and the receiver is used to filter and process the echo voltage signal in real-time to obtain the accurate residual thickness of the aluminum pipe. The excitation coil parameters were optimized to improve the small-signal and low signal-to-noise ratio of the receiving signal. On this basis, the beam radiation of shear waves propagating within the pipe was analyzed. Based on the fact that the number of turns of the coil and the width of the coil are the majority influence factors to the peak-to-peak value of the echo signal and the SNR respectively, the transducer is designed and the residual thickness detection accuracy with the error less than 0.2% is achieved.
- residual pipeline thickness /
- electromagnetic acoustic transducer /
- transducer /
- beam radiation /
- shear wave

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图 1 典型的横波电磁超声换能器示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of a typical shear wave electromagnetic acoustic transducer

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图 2 横波电磁超声有限元仿真模型

Figure 2. Shear wave electromagnetic acoustic finite element simulation model

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图 3 横波电磁超声回波电压信号

Figure 3. Shear wave electromagnetic acoustic echo voltage signal

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图 4 横波在管道壁中声束辐射图

Figure 4. Schematic of beam radiation of shear wave in pipe wall

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图 5 横波在管道壁中声波指向性图

Figure 5. Energy distribution of shear wave in acoustic directivity of pipe wall

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图 6 电磁超声激励用PCB螺旋线线圈

Figure 6. Spiral PCB coil for electromagnetic acoustic excitation

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图 7 电磁超声脉冲激励信号

Figure 7. Electromagnetic acoustic pulse excitation signal

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图 8 管道剩余厚度测试系统

Figure 8. Pipeline residual thickness test system

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图 9 横波电磁超声实际回波电压信号

Figure 9. Actual echo voltage signal of shear wave electromagnetic acoustic

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表 1 电磁超声换能器参数优化范围

Table 1. Electromagnetic acoustic tranolucer parameter optimization range

线圈匝数	线圈宽度/mm	线圈间距/mm
4	0.2	0.8
6	0.4	1.0
8	0.6	1.2

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表 2 横波电磁超声换能器参数正交测试阵列

Table 2. Shear wave electromagnetic acoustic transducer parameter orthogonal test array

试验号	线圈匝数	线圈宽度/mm	线圈间距/mm	峰峰值/mV	信噪比/dB
1	4	0.2	1.0	0.285 8	14.218
2	6	0.2	0.8	0.243 9	15.095
3	8	0.2	1.2	0.144 4	9.768
4	4	0.4	0.8	0.316 7	15.559
5	6	0.4	1.2	0.193 1	18.129
6	8	0.4	1.0	0.172 0	15.657
7	4	0.6	1.2	0.243 9	15.458
8	6	0.6	1.0	0.213 5	16.682
9	8	0.6	0.8	0.197 7	18.603

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表 3 正交试验结果分析

Table 3. Analysis of orthogonal experiment results

分析因子	对峰峰值影响	对信噪比影响
K_cn1	2.8×10^-4	15.08
K_cn2	2.2×10^-4	16.64
K_cn3	1.7×10^-4	14.68
R_cn	1.1×10^-4	1.96
K_ω1	2.2×10^-4	13.03
K_ω2	2.3×10^-4	16.45
K_ω3	2.2×10^-4	16.91
R_ω	8.9×10^-6	3.89
K_l1	2.5×10^-4	16.42
K_l2	2.2×10^-4	15.52
K_l3	1.9×10^-4	14.45
R_l	5.9×10^-5	1.97

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