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基于倒置残差注意力的无人机航拍图像小目标检测

刘树东 刘业辉 孙叶美 李懿霏 王娇

刘树东,刘业辉,孙叶美,等. 基于倒置残差注意力的无人机航拍图像小目标检测[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报,2023,49(3):514-524 doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2022.0362
引用本文: 刘树东,刘业辉,孙叶美,等. 基于倒置残差注意力的无人机航拍图像小目标检测[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报,2023,49(3):514-524 doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2022.0362
LIU S D,LIU Y H,SUN Y M,et al. Small object detection in UAV aerial images based on inverted residual attention[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2023,49(3):514-524 (in Chinese) doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2022.0362
Citation: LIU S D,LIU Y H,SUN Y M,et al. Small object detection in UAV aerial images based on inverted residual attention[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2023,49(3):514-524 (in Chinese) doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2022.0362

基于倒置残差注意力的无人机航拍图像小目标检测

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2022.0362
基金项目: 天津市科技计划(20YDTPJC01310)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    刘树东,等:基于倒置残差注意力的无人机航拍图像小目标检测

    通讯作者:

    E-mail:wangjiaoq@163.com

  • 中图分类号: TP391.4

Small object detection in UAV aerial images based on inverted residual attention

Funds: Science and Technology Program of Tianjin (20YDTPJC01310)
More Information
  • 摘要:

    针对无人机航拍图像背景复杂、小尺寸目标较多等问题,提出了一种基于倒置残差注意力的无人机航拍图像小目标检测算法。在主干网络部分嵌入倒置残差模块与倒置残差注意力模块,利用低维向高维的特征信息映射,获得丰富的小目标空间信息和深层语义信息,提升小目标的检测精度;在特征融合部分设计多尺度特征融合模块,融合浅层空间信息和深层语义信息,并生成4个不同感受野的检测头,提升模型对小尺寸目标的识别能力,减少小目标的漏检;设计马赛克混合数据增强方法,建立数据之间的线性关系,增加图像背景复杂度,提升算法的鲁棒性。在VisDrone数据集上的实验结果表明:所提模型的平均精度均值比DSHNet模型提升了1.2%,有效改善了无人机航拍图像小目标漏检、误检的问题。

     

  • 图 1  基于倒置残差注意力的无人机航拍图像小目标检测模型结构

    Figure 1.  Structure of small object detection in UAV aerial image based on inverted residual attention

    图 2  IRC3模块

    Figure 2.  IRC3 module

    图 3  IRAC3模块

    Figure 3.  IRAC3 module

    图 4  深度可分离卷积模块

    Figure 4.  Depthwise separable convolution module

    图 5  ECA-Net模块

    Figure 5.  ECA-Net module

    图 6  无人机航拍图像

    Figure 6.  UAV aerial image

    图 7  目标分布图像

    Figure 7.  Object distribution image

    图 8  融合增强方法过程

    Figure 8.  Fusion enhancement method process

    图 9  不同模型检测结果

    Figure 9.  Detection results of different models

    图 10  三种模型检测结果

    Figure 10.  Detection results of three models

    图 11  本文模型在不同背景下的检测结果

    Figure 11.  Detection results of the proposed model under different backgrounds

    表  1  不同模型的客观指标对比

    Table  1.   Comparison of objective indicators of different models

    模型mAP/%mAP0.5/%mAP0.75/%参数量/106检测速度/FPS
    YOLOv5x23.435.725.183.241.3
    模型 124.638.626.286.728.7
    模型 225.439.727.185.528.7
    模型 326.841.428.869.325.6
    模型 427.442.429.072.523.4
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  不同算法的检测结果对比

    Table  2.   Comparison of detection results of different algorithms

    算法backbonemAP/%AP/%
    PedestrianPersonBicycleCarVanTruckTricycleAwning-tricycleBusMotor
    RetinaNetR5013.913.07.91.445.519.911.56.34.217.811.8
    Faster R-CNNX10122.421.315.57.952.029.520.514.78.932.121.6
    Cascade R-CNNR5023.222.214.87.654.631.521.614.88.634.921.4
    Faster R-CNN+MMFR5022.621.615.39.651.528.520.415.97.533.721.6
    Faster R-CNN+SimCalR5020.018.713.85.751.028.416.413.65.927.019.4
    Faster R-CNN +BGSR5023.021.816.08.151.831.119.815.08.436.121.5
    RetinaNet+DSHNetR5016.114.18.91.348.224.814.28.86.021.613.1
    Faster R-CNN+DSHNetR5024.622.516.510.152.832.622.117.58.839.523.7
    Faster R-CNN+DSHNetX10125.823.316.711.453.733.123.819.511.140.025.5
    Cascade R-CNN+DSHNetR5026.223.216.111.255.533.525.219.110.043.025.1
    本文模型CSPDarknet5327.428.96.09.560.136.234.516.717.247.218.0
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  不同算法的平均精度均值与检测速度结果对比

    Table  3.   Comparison of average accuracy and detection speed of different algorithms

    算法backbonemAP/%检测速度/FPS
    RetinaNet+DSHNetR5016.119
    Faster R-CNN+DSHNetR5024.622.5
    Cascade R-CNN+DSHNetR5026.215
    本文模型CSPDarknet5327.423.4
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2022-05-16
  • 录用日期:  2022-08-19
  • 网络出版日期:  2022-10-18
  • 整期出版日期:  2023-03-30

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