30% HNO<sub>3</sub>对2195铝锂合金预腐蚀疲劳特性研究

刘德俊; 田干; 李玉龙; 张炜; 张有宏

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2022.0445

30% HNO₃对2195铝锂合金预腐蚀疲劳特性研究

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2022.0445

1.
火箭军工程大学导弹工程学院，西安 710025
2.
中国运载火箭技术研究院北京 100076

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(52272446,52075541)；陕西省自然科学基金(2022JM-243)

详细信息

通讯作者:
E-mail：tiangan_2012@163.com

中图分类号: V45；TG178
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-05-31
- 录用日期: 2022-07-01
- 网络出版日期: 2022-07-19
- 整期出版日期: 2024-04-29

Research on pre-corrosion fatigue properties of 2195 Al-Li alloys in 30% HNO₃

1.
School of Missile Engineering，Rocket Force University of Engineering，Xi’an 710025，China
2.
China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology，Beijing 100076，China

Funds: National Natural Science Foundation of China (52272446,52075541); Shaanxi Natural Science Foundation (2022JM-243)

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail：tiangan_2012@163.com

摘要

摘要:
模拟液体导弹贮箱材料和使用特点，进行2195-T8 铝锂合金在30% 硝酸溶液中预腐蚀不同时间后的疲劳试验，利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、电子背散射衍射仪(EBSD)及透射电子显微镜(TEM)等显微表征方法，研究了预腐蚀对疲劳性能的影响。结果表明：预腐蚀表面形貌以晶间腐蚀和点蚀为主，在轧制方向上形成条带状腐蚀链，其产生与长条形晶界和金属间粒子连续腐蚀作用相关; 经预腐蚀后，铝锂合金试样在210 ，280，330 MPa中等应力幅下的预腐蚀疲劳寿命较无腐蚀试样有所增加，16 h腐蚀试样寿命提高最为明显，其原因是腐蚀通过将合金表面微裂纹、孔洞等缺陷消除、增加表面粗糙度等方式，降低了应力集中程度，进而延缓了疲劳裂纹萌生。
- 铝锂合金 /
- 推进剂贮箱 /
- 预腐蚀 /
- 疲劳特性 /
- 裂纹萌生
Abstract:
To simulate the material and application characteristics of liquid-missile propellant tanks, fatigue tests were carried out after pre-corrosion in 30% HNO₃ for different hours. Effects of pre-corrosion on fatigue properties were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and electron backscatter detector (EBSD) methods. The results show that the surface morphology after corrosion is mainly composed of intergranular corrosion and pitting. Stripped corrosion chains are produced along the rolling direction, which are related with corroded long grain boundaries and intermetallic particles. The fatigue limit values of pre-corroded specimens are lower than those of the uncorroded specimens. The fatigue limit of 16 h corroded specimens is the highest, while the limit of 24 h corroded specimens declines to zero. The fatigue cycles under median stress amplitudes of 210 MPa, 280 MPa and 330 MPa, higher than those of uncorroded specimens, and the increase of 16 h corroded specimens is the most obvious. The enhancement of fatigue cycles attributes to the elimination of microcracks, pores and the improvement of surface roughness through pre-corrosion, which reduces the stress concentration and retards the crack initiation.
- Al-Li alloys /
- propellant tank /
- pre-corrosion /
- fatigue properties /
- crack initiation

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图 1 试样尺寸及形状

Figure 1. Specimen size and shape

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 试验状态

Figure 2. Test state

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图 3 2195-T8铝锂合金BSE形貌及元素能谱结果

Figure 3. BSE micrographs and EDS results of 2195-T8Al-Li alloys

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图 4 2195-T8 铝锂合金EBSD结果

Figure 4. EBSD results of 2195-T8 Al-Li alloys

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图 5 2195-T8 铝锂合金TEM结果

Figure 5. TEM results of 2195-T8 Al-Li alloys

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图 6 预腐蚀不同时间后合金表面形貌

Figure 6. Alloy surface morphology after different durations of pre-corrosion

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图 7 铝锂合金力学性能比较与预腐蚀结果

Figure 7. Mechanical properties comparison among various Al-Li alloys and pre-corrosion fatigue results

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图 8 2195-T8铝锂合金在不同预腐蚀时长试样疲劳断口形貌

Figure 8. Micrography of fatigue fracture surface of 2195-T8 Al-Li alloys under different pre-corrosion durations

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图 9 中等应力下各预腐蚀试样裂纹萌生区

Figure 9. Crack initiation zones of various pre-corrosion samples under median stress levels

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图 10 腐蚀形貌演变示意图

Figure 10. Schematic diagram of corrosion morphology

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表 1 2195-T8铝锂合金力学性能

Table 1. Mechanical properties of 2195-T8 Al-Li alloys

弹性模量 E/GPa	屈服强度σ_s/MPa	极限强度 σ_b/MPa	延伸率/%
72.90	583.33	609.90	11.4

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表 2 不同预腐蚀时间下疲劳寿命

Table 2. Fatigue cycles under different pre-corrosion durations

时间/h	应力/MPa	疲劳寿命/次	N₅₀/次	σ
0	140	867558，345447，587392	560449	0.201
	210	45680，55923，110945	65687	0.202
	280	35504，35196，31748	34106	0.027
	330	25535，19844，19068	21299	0.068
	440	9027，9630，9322	9323	0.014
8	140	274086，624517，266834	357457	0.209
	210	92995，74407，70273	78536	0.064
	280	28399，37898，32243	32618	0.063
	330	24911，23303，20549	22849	0.042
	440	9996，10176，10012	10086	0.004
16	140	543995，476059，533021	516813	0.031
	210	92055，74507，78209	81252	0.048
	280	49749，53557，42351	48323	0.052
	330	20723，18132，26496	21513	0.083
	440	9032，11481，13426	11166	0.087
24	140	254628，217528，293901	253439	0.065
	210	84543，95573，110622	96328	0.058
	280	50236，49204，49803	49746	0.005
	330	24163，27778，21368	24296	0.057
	440	7611，7926，6660	5988	0.039

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