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摘要:
风能是中国最具潜力的可再生能源之一，而影响风能转化应用的主要因素是风力发电机的控制方法及特性。针对风能转化应用过程中遇到的风力发电机控制方法难以实现对风能的有效捕获问题，提出一种基于气隙磁链定向的矢量控制技术，通过6s/2r矢量变换得到旋转坐标系下电机的数学模型；对气隙磁链定向矢量控制技术进行研究，设计电机电流电压混合磁链观测模型，实现对电机转矩与磁通的独立控制；以双Y移30°六相同步电机为例进行仿真分析。结果表明：所提技术在电机空载启动与突加负载时具有较好的稳态性能和动态性能，解决多相电机控制的非线性和耦合性，提高模型的通用性和快速性。
Abstract:Wind energy is one of the most promising renewable energy sources in China, and the main factors affecting the application of wind energy conversion are the control method and characteristics of wind turbines. This study proposes a vector control technique based on air gap flux orientation, addressing the problem that the wind turbine control method is difficult to achieve effective capture of wind energy in wind energy conversion. We obtain the mathematical model in the rotating coordinate system through ${6{\mathrm{s}}/2{\mathrm{r}}}$ vector transformation. The vector control technique of directional air gap flux is studied, the observation model of the motor-current-voltage hybrid flux linkage is designed, and the torque and flux of the motor are controlled independently. The double Y-shift $ 30^{\circ} $six-phase synchronous motor is taken as an example for simulation analysis. Results show that the proposed technique has good steady-state performance and dynamic performance when the motor is started without load and with sudden load. The proposed technique solves the nonlinearity and coupling of polyphase motor control, and improves the universality and rapidity of the model.
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图 2 气隙磁场定向控制矢量图
Figure 2. Vector diagram of air gap magnetic field directional control
表 1 转速仿真的性能指标
Table 1. Performance index of speed simulation
仿真情况 超调量/% 上升
时间/s调整
时间/s恢复
时间/s稳态
误差/%理想空载启动 1 0.01 0.011 0 突加负载 1 0.01 0.011 0.000 5 0.67 
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