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摘要:
热风洞能够为高温热电偶动态标定和航空发动机叶片热强度测试等应用场景提供均匀且稳定的温度场，如何对热风洞所产生的热气流进行宽温范围的温度控制是一个难点。为此，建立了热风洞燃油流量和燃烧室温度的数学模型；设计了一种内环为增量式比例积分微分（PID）和外环为无模型自适应控制（MFAC）的级联控制方法，增量式PID控制器控制燃油流量，MFAC控制器控制燃烧室温度，实现了对燃烧室温度的有效控制；进行了不同目标温度的数值模拟和试验研究，并与FuzzyPID-PID级联控制方案和传统的级联PID控制方案进行了对比测试。试验结果确认了所提控制方案的可行性与优越性。
Abstract:For the dynamic calibration of high-temperature thermocouples, the thermal strength test of aero-engine blades, and other application scenarios, the thermal wind tunnel can offer a well-distributed and stable temperature field. How to control the thermal flow generated by thermal wind tunnel in a wide temperature range is a difficult problem. Therefore, the mathematical models of fuel flow rate and combustor temperature in hot wind tunnel are established. A cascade control method is designed, in which the inner loop is incremental proportional integral derivative （PID） and the outer loop is model-free adaptive control (MFAC). The incremental PID controller controls the fuel flow rate, and the MFAC controller is used to control the combustor temperature, which can effectively control the temperature of the combustor. A comparison test between the classic cascade PID control method and the cascade FuzzyPID-PID control method is conducted, along with numerical simulation and experimental analysis of various target temperatures. The experimental results confirm the feasibility and superiority of the proposed control scheme.
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图 2 燃油流量1 g/s阶跃输入下的温度响应
Figure 2. Temperature response at 1 g/s step input of fuel flow rate
图 3 燃烧室出口温度仿真结果与试验数据
Figure 3. Simulation results and experimental data of combustor outlet temperature
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