基于全矩阵椭圆成像法的加筋板结构损伤检测

章盟; 樊程广; 余孙全

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2022.0568

基于全矩阵椭圆成像法的加筋板结构损伤检测

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2022.0568

国防科技大学空天科学学院，长沙 410073

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(61601489)；国防科技大学高层次创新人才培养计划

详细信息

通讯作者:
E-mail：chengguangfan@nudt.edu.cn

中图分类号: TG115.28
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-06-30
- 录用日期: 2022-11-11
- 网络出版日期: 2022-12-02
- 整期出版日期: 2024-06-27

An elliptical damage detection method using full matrix capture for stiffened plate

College of Aerospace Science and Engineering，National University of Defense Technology，Changsha 410073，China

Funds: National Natural Science Foundation of China (61601489)；High-Level Innovative Talent Project of National University of Defense Technology

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail：chengguangfan@nudt.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
对航天器结构进行损伤检测对于保障航天器的可靠运行十分重要。Lamb波声学定位是一种常用的损伤检测方法，但在航天器常用的加筋板结构中，加强筋会对板中Lamb波的传播产生反射、透射、延迟叠加等效应，导致常用检测方法的效果大打折扣。为此，提出一种基于全矩阵采样和模型补偿的超声Lamb波的全矩阵椭圆成像定位方法。将全矩阵采样方法引入椭圆成像定位中，通过聚焦的方式，减小加强筋对信号的衰减和干扰所产生的误差。针对Lamb波在加强筋结构中绕筋和直达两种传播特征，提出了一种绕筋补偿策略，消除加强筋的延迟叠加影响。实验表明，全矩阵椭圆成像法能够实现损伤信号的聚焦，提高损伤定位的精度，引入绕筋补偿策略后，实现加筋板的准确损伤定位。
- Lamb波 /
- 椭圆成像 /
- 小波变换 /
- 加筋板 /
- 结构健康监测
Abstract:
Damage detection on spacecraft structures is crucial for ensuring the reliability of the spacecraft. Acoustic localization based on Lamb waves is a common method for damage detection. However, the existence of stiffeners, which are commonly used in spacecraft structures, will produce reflection, transmission, and superposition on the propagation of the Lamb waves in the plate, making it bad or even impossible to detect the damage in the stiffened structure using the general method. I This study presents an approach to precisely localize damage in stiffened plates using whole matrix elliptical image localization, which is based on complete matrix capture and model correction. The full matrix capture method is introduced into elliptic imaging localization for focusing, thereby mitigating errors arising from signal attenuation and interference attributed to stiffeners. Considering the wave propagation around and directly, an arrival time compensation strategy is proposed for eliminating the delayed superposition effects of stiffeners on Lamb waves. The full-matrix elliptical imaging method is effective in improving damage signal focussing, as demonstrated by experiments on both flat and stiffened plates. The arrival time compensation model could be used to obtain precise damage localization.
- Lamb wave /
- elliptical imaging /
- wavelet transform /
- stiffened plate /
- structural health monitoring

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图 1 铝板结构中的Lamb波频散特性曲线

Figure 1. Dispersion curves of Lamb waves in aluminum plate structures

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图 2 到达时间的确定

Figure 2. Determination of arrival time

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图 3 Lamb波过筋示意图

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of Lamb wave over stiffener

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图 4 传统椭圆定位法示意图

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of traditional elliptic positioning method

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图 5 椭圆成像法示意图

Figure 5. Schematic diagram of elliptic imaging method

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图 6 实验装置图

Figure 6. Diagram of experimental device

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图 7 平板结构损伤定位实验示意图

Figure 7. Schematic diagram of flat plate structure damage localization experiment

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图 8 平板信号处理

Figure 8. Signal processing in flat plate

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图 9 损伤D₁的定位结果

Figure 9. Localization results of damage D₁

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图 10 全矩阵椭圆成像定位结果

Figure 10. Localization results of FMC elliptic imaging method

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图 11 加筋板声发射源定位示意图

Figure 11. Diagram of acoustic emission source localization in stiffened plate

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图 12 加筋板信号处理

Figure 12. Signal processing in stiffened plate

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图 13 S₀模态声发射源定位结果

Figure 13. Acoustic source localization results of S₀ mode

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图 14 A₀模态声发射源定位结果

Figure 14. Acoustic source localization results of A₀ mode

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图 15 加筋板损伤定位结果

Figure 15. Damage localization result of stiffened plate

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图 16 激励信号时域对比

Figure 16. Comparison of excitation signal in time domain

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图 17 使用200 kHz激励定位损伤D₁结果

Figure 17. Damage localization result of D₁ stimulated using 200 kHz signal

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表 1 各个传感器和损伤的位置坐标

Table 1. Position coordinates of all sensors and damages

项目	编号	位置坐标(x,y)/m
传感器	R₁	(0.2,0.4)
	R₂	(0.4,0.4)
	R₃	(0.4,0.2)
	R₄	(0.2,0.2)
	R₅	(0.200,0.25)
	R₆	(0.40,0.25)
损伤	D₁	(0.3,0.4)
	D₂	(0.30,0.35)
	D₃	(0.45,0.30)

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表 2 各个压电传感器位置坐标

Table 2. Position coordinates of all piezoelectric sensors

编号	正面坐标(x,y)/m	背面坐标(x,y)/m
R₁	(0.4,0.2)	(0.2,0.2)
R₂	(0.35,0.20)	(0.25,0.20)
R₃	(0.3,0.2)	(0.3,0.2)
R₄	(0.25,0.20)	(0.35,0.20)
R₅	(0.2,0.2)	(0.4,0.2)
R₆	(0.15,0.20)	(0.45,0.20)
R₇	(0.1,0.2)	(0.5,0.2)
T₀	(0.2,0.4)	(0.35,0.40)

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