飞行过程中头盔对飞行员颈部损伤的影响

王丽珍; 刘景龙; 赵彦鹏; 卜伟平; 柳松杨; 樊瑜波

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2022.0609

飞行过程中头盔对飞行员颈部损伤的影响

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2022.0609

王丽珍^{1, 2, 3},
刘景龙^{1, 2, 3},
赵彦鹏⁴,
卜伟平⁴,
柳松杨⁴,
樊瑜波^{1, 2, 3, 5, ,}

1.
北京航空航天大学生物与医学工程学院, 北京 100083
2.
北京航空航天大学北京市生物医学工程高精尖创新中心, 北京 100083
3.
北京航空航天大学生物力学与力生物学教育部重点实验室, 北京 100083
4.
空军特色医学中心, 北京 100142
5.
北京航空航天大学医学科学与工程学院, 北京 100083

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 11822201

空军军医大学飞行人员效能提升计划 2019ZTA04

详细信息

通讯作者:
樊瑜波, E-mail: yubofan@buaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: R318.01; TP319.9
计量
- 文章访问数: 288
- HTML全文浏览量: 89
- PDF下载量: 31
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-07-12
- 录用日期: 2022-08-02
- 网络出版日期: 2022-08-11

Effect of helmet on neck injury of pilots in flight

WANG Lizhen^{1, 2, 3},
LIU Jinglong^{1, 2, 3},
ZHAO Yanpeng⁴,
BU Weiping⁴,
LIU Songyang⁴,
FAN Yubo^{1, 2, 3, 5
, ,}

1.
School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
2.
Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
3.
Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
4.
Air Force Medical Center, Beijing 100142, China
5.
School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China

Funds:

National Natural Science Foundation of China 11822201

Air Force Medical University Effectiveness Improvement Plan for Flight Personnel 2019ZTA04

More Information

Corresponding author: FAN Yubo, E-mail: yubofan@buaa.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
为研究飞行过程中不同头盔对飞行员颈部损伤的影响，基于头颈部多刚体动力学模型，对急转弯及稳定盘旋飞行工况下4种头盔情况开展了动力学分析。得到了不同头盔作用下颈部肌肉力、椎间力、力矩及颈部损伤指数N_ij的变化规律，对不同头盔作用下的颈部损伤风险进行了评估。结果表明：所建立的头颈部模型与实验结果较为吻合，可以用来进行仿真模拟分析；相同飞行工况下，B头盔的佩戴使得头部质心前移，增加了颈部前屈时斜方肌的肌肉力；对于同一颈椎节段，B头盔的轴向压缩力最大，而C头盔导致的后伸力矩最大；在所有的计算工况中，上下颈椎的颈部损伤指数N_ij均小于0.5，满足航空领域的安全要求；B头盔和C头盔的质量相近，而B头盔质心位置靠前，C头盔靠后，说明头盔质心的前后位置会对颈部的损伤产生重要影响。研究结果可为飞行员头盔的设计优化及其对颈部损伤的影响提供研究支撑。
- 飞行员 /
- 头盔 /
- 头颈部 /
- 多刚体动力学模型 /
- 损伤分析
Abstract:
To explore the effect of helmet on neck injury of pilots in-flight, numerical simulations were carried out on four different helmets during sharp turn and stable hover condition based on the established head-neck multi-body dynamic model. Combining the muscle force, intervertebral force and moment, and the neck injury index N_ij, the neck injury of pilots was evaluated and predicted. The results show that the dynamic responses of the model are in agreement with the experimental results, with fair bio-fidelity. In the same flight condition, the wearing of helmet B shifts the center of head forward and increases the muscle force of the trapezius accordingly. For the same cervical segment, the axial compression force for helmet B and the extension moment for helmet C is maximum respectively. The value of N_ij for all simulated conditions is less than 0.5, which conforms to the safety requirements in aviation. The mass of helmet B and helmet C are close, while the mass center of helmet B is forward compared to helmet C, which indicates the anteroposterior position of helmet has an important effect on neck injury. This study provides insights for the optimization of pilot's helmet and its effect on pilot's neck injury.
- pilots /
- helmet /
- head and neck /
- multi-body dynamic model /
- injury analysis

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图 1 多刚体动力学模型及坐标系

Figure 1. Multi-body dynamic model and definition of coordinates

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图 2 模型仿真结果与实验数据对比

Figure 2. Comparison of simulation results and experimental data

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图 3 飞行中加速度时间曲线

Figure 3. Acceleration-time curves in-flight

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图 4 三组肌肉的示意图

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of three muscle groups

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图 5 不同头盔工况下的最大肌肉力

Figure 5. Maximum muscle force for different helmet conditions

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图 6 相邻椎体间轴向压力和前屈后伸力矩随时间的变化曲线

Figure 6. Axial force and flexion/extension moment time curves of adjacent segment

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图 7 急转弯工况N_ij随时间的变化曲线

Figure 7. N_ij time curves under sharp turn condition

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图 8 稳定盘旋工况N_ij随时间的变化曲线

Figure 8. N_ij time curves under steady hover condition

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图 9 N_ij的最大值

Figure 9. Maximum N_ij values

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表 1 头颈部模型的生物仿真度评估

Table 1. Biofidelity assessment of head and neck model

载荷工况	验证变量	区间评估	截面评估	整体得分
15G前向冲击	x向加速度	0.779	0.833	0.806
15G前向冲击	z向加速度	0.429	0.626	0.528
8G轴向冲击	z向加速度	0.651	0.840	0.726
10G轴向冲击	z向加速度	0.618	0.864	0.716
整个模型				0.694

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表 2 头部质量特性

Table 2. Mass properties of head

头盔工况	质量/kg	重心位置/m		转动惯量/(kg·m²)
头盔工况	质量/kg	x向	z向	x向	z向
无头盔	4.16	0.027	0.021	0.018 1	0.023 6
A头盔	5.16	0.022	0.025	0.031 5	0.035 7
B头盔	5.75	0.035	0.036	0.056 1	0.053 0
C头盔	5.80	0.021	0.038	0.043 1	0.050 9

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表 3 OC-C1及C7-T1节段的最大轴向力与前屈后伸力矩

Table 3. Maximum axial force and flexion/extension moment for OC-C1 and C7-T1 segment

载荷形式	临界值		计算工况	急转弯工况		稳定盘旋工况
载荷形式	OC-C1	C7-T1	计算工况	OC-C1	C7-T1	OC-C1	C7-T1
轴向力 (压缩力/ 拉伸力)/N	4 000/-4 170	4 000/-4 170	无头盔	561.65/-0.3	850.4/-0.3	447.4/0	709.4/0
			A头盔	574.7/-0.4	758.6/-0.4	476.9/0	626.8/0
			B头盔	740.7/-0.4	1 141.6/-0.5	635.3/0	944.0/0
			C头盔	643.8/-0.4	831.4/-0.5	534.7/0	687.4/0
前屈后伸力矩 (前屈力矩/后伸力矩)/(N·m)	190/-96	380/-192	无头盔	16.2/-0.3	45.0/-0.8	12.5/0	32.7/-0.2
			A头盔	7.8/-23.8	0.1/-68.2	3.7/-17.6	0.3/-53.9
			B头盔	28.1/-0.4	72.2/-1.0	20.6/0	53.8/-0.4
			C头盔	7.0/-29.9	0.1/-80.1	3.7/-23.1	0.3/-64.0

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表 4 OC-C1和C7-T1节段N_ij临界值的选取

Table 4. N_ij critical intercept values for OC-C1 and C7-T1 segment

N_ij临界值	OC-C1	C7-T1
轴向拉伸力/N	6 780	6 780
轴向压缩力/N	6 200	6 200
前屈力矩/(N·m)	305	610
后伸力矩/(N·m)	133	266

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